History
3 methods to gather data are...
surveys, case studies, and experiments
This Psych. approach studies the impact social groups have an each other
Sociocultural (or cross-cultural)
This person got a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell.
Ivan Pavlov
A method of observation in which the experimenter observes without interfering
Naturalistic Observation
What was Dr. Emoto trying to prove in his water experiment?
humans can manipulate matter without physically interacting with it
A type of behavior that cannot be observed
Cognitive
This Psych. approach, studies the natural progression of humans, throughout their entire lifespan
Evolutionary Psychology (also known as Developmental Psych.)
This person developed the self-observation method, know as introspection. Also created the first Psych. lab
Wilhelm Wundt
This is a type of experiment which lasts multiple years; an example would be a study that followed the same kids all the way until late adulthood.
Longitudinal Study
This approach studies the brain, genes, neurons...etc
Biological
Abraham Maslow theorized that before humans can build human connections and develop self actualization, they must secure basic needs. These are called...
Physiological needs
This Psych. approach believes that people are naturally growth seeking, and aim to achieve self-actualization
Humanistic Psychology
This person believed that the unconscious mind contains repressed memories, fears, and traumas from our past,
Sigmund Freud
When the experimenter influences the behavior of the participants with their own behavior/expectations
Self-fulfilling Prophecy
The participant believes the Independent variable is working, when they received the pretend variable
Placebo effect
The 4 main goals of Psychology
Describe, Explain, Predict, and Influence Behavior
Operant + classical conditioning is a psychological technique, used by this type of Psych. approach.
Behavioral Psych.
This person believed that every person was on a journey to reach self-actualization
Abraham Maslow
This is the second to last step of a typical Psychological Research Experiment
Compare Measurements
In an experiment, a psychologist is testing whether listening to music while studying improves test scores. What is the independent and dependent variable?
Independent: Music
Dependent: Test scores
What is another word for rewards and punishments?
Operant Conditioning
This Psychological approach would study repressed memories from an adult's past, to better understand present fears and how they were created.
Psychodynamic Psychology
This Cognitive Psychologist proposed that all activities of the mind, have the basic purpose of allowing us to survive as a species
William James
This type of experiment means that neither the experimenter, nor the participants, are aware of who received the independent variable
Double-Blind Experiment
Name all 6 steps in conducting an experiment
Ask a question, form a hypothesis, determine the variables, test hypothesis, compare measurements, interpret results