Category 1
What is the difference between the terms anatomy and physiology?
Anatomy – the structure of body parts (also called Morphology)
Physiology – the function of the body parts, what they do and how they do it
Model the anatomical position
Standing up, facing forward, upper limbs at sides, palms facing forward
Define anterior and posterior
Front vs Back
Define homeostasis
Body's maintenance of a stable, internal environment
Define superior and inferior
Define all of the following:
medial, lateral, proximal, distal
medial - towards the middle
lateral - towards the sides
proximal - close to the trunk
distal - farther from the trunk
What are the following planes?
sagittal, transverse, coronal
sagittal - divides side to side
transverse - divides top and bottom
coronal - divides front and back
What is a metabolism?
the physical and chemical events that obtain, release, and utilize energy
What makes up the axial skeleton?
head, neck, trunk
What makes up the appendicular skeleton?
arms and legs
Put the following in order from smallest to largest:
organelle, atom, organ, organ system, tissue, molecule, organism, cell
atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What is one of the only examples of a positive feedback mechanism happening in the body?
Childbirth
What does visceral relate to?
Internal organs
The spinal cord is part of which cavity?
vertebral cavity
The heart is part of which cavity?
Thoracic
The dorsal body cavity includes which two regions?
Cranial and vertebral
Define the following terms:
axillary, antecubital, antebrachial, dorsal, coxal, and costal
axillary - armpit
antecubital - space in front of elbow
antebrachial - forearm
dorsal - back
coxal - hips
costal - ribs
Name three organs that can be found in the abdominal cavity.
stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, most of large intestine
Explain how these three factors relate in homeostasis: receptors, control center, effectors
Receptors receive the information and send it to the control center, which then forwards the information to generate a response with the effectors
How does a negative feedback loop maintain homeostasis?
When the body is beyond the realm of homeostasis, a negative feedback loop allows for the body to return to a balanced environment. For example, if we see a blood glucose (sugar) spike, insulin is released to counter the blood sugar rise to then return the levels back to normal.
What are the ten characteristics of life?
Movement, Responsiveness, Growth, Reproduction, Respiration, Digestion, Absorption, Circulation, Assimilation, and Excretion
How does covid influence three systems of the body?
As long as the answer aligns with the assignment they completed on COVID and body systems, you may count it correct.
Name at least 7 systems of the body.
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Digestive, Respiratory, Urinary, Reproductive
Life depends on five environmental factors. What are they?
Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
Explain one of the case scenarios on the What's Up Doc? Case Study you completed in class. How did you know the patient, based upon their files, was diagnosed with that certain disorder?