Mesopotamia/Nile River
The Nile River starts in which African country?
Egypt
How many times a day do you pray? Where do you face?
5 times a day
Facing Mecca
What are the two sects of Islam? Who has more? What are the percentages?
Sunni: 85-90%
Shi'a: 10-15%
What is the "Mandate of Heaven"?
God gives you the right to rule. If God thinks you are doing well, you get peace, prosperity, and safety. If God thinks you are not doing well, you get bad things like natural disasters and death.
What are the 4 Ancient River Valley Civilizations we discussed in class
Mesopotamia
Ancient China
Indus River Valley
Nile River Valley
What are at least 3 benefits of living near a river during this time?
Access to water for transportation
Fish
Other animals need water--> Hunting
Possibly filter for drinking
Bathe
Ship materials
Trade
What is the minimum percentage of your salary that you need to donate to complete "Zakat"? What if you cannot afford this?
2.5%
You can give food, clothes, service. Anything to give back to the community.
Name at least 3 similarities between the Religion of Islam with Judaism and Christianity.
Monotheistic
Abrahamic religions
Holy Book
Place of Worship
Holy Days
Started in the Middle East
What are at least 2 major inventions created by the Indus River Valley Civilization
Indoor Plumbing
Development of a modern city
Housing where natural wind enters
Writing system
Cultural artifacts
Ways to honor the dead during burial
What is the holiday for Muslims where they fast from sun up to sun down where they may not eat, drink, or smoke during those hours.
Ramadan.
Who were the two groups of people who suffered the MOST in Ancient Mesopotamia under Hammurabi's code?
Peasants and women
What is it called when you go to Mecca if you are physically and financially able?
Hajj
Name 2 characteristics of Sunni, Shi'a, and things BOTH of them do.
Sunni: Abu Bakr is the rightful Caliph
-Caliph chosen by the population
Shi'a: Ali is the rightful Caliph
-Caliph chosen by relation to Prophet Muhammad
BOTH: Both read the Qur'an
-Practice 5 pillars
-Believe Muhammad is the rightful prophet
-Believe in Allah
-Similar prayer structures
What is the main river called in China that is a cornerstone to Ancient China's early civilization?
Yangtze (Yellow) River
What is a "Social Hierarchy"?
A social scale telling people where they fit in society. Gods and Kings were at the top, peasants always at the bottom.
What is "An Eye for an Eye"? Does this rule apply to everyone in society?
Punishment should fit the crime
--> Unless you are a slave or a woman than it is half the punishment for them
What is the FIRST Pillar of Islam? What are the two things it emphasizes?
"There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger to Allah"
--> 1). Islam is monotheistic and they worship Allah
2). Muhammad is the Prophet to Allah
Muhammad traveled from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE. What is this called?
Hijrah
Explain the Dynastic Cycle
New dynasty emerges: Everyone is happy, healthy, surplus of food and safety. There is infrastructure being built and new, positive things are getting done. This lasts for a period of time (not one specific amount of time). Once time goes by, new dynasty becomes "old" and bad things start to happen like infrastucture, peasant revolts, lack of leadership, chaos starts to ensue.
*MANDATE OF HEAVEN IS LOST*
Natural disasters start to happen (famine, drought, violence, disease, death) and the Emperor gets overthrown for a new one and the cycle goes on again.
There were five (5) characteristics that ALL civilizations possess. Name 4 of them.
Job Specialization
Social Hierarchy
Government
Organized Religion
Urban
Based on Hammurabi's code, what would you say are 2 parts of society that are most important to the government?
Protecting your land/crops
Emphasis on religion
Equality for MEN
Prophet Muhammad had four "successors" to him after his passing. What was the name given to them as a group AND what were their names?
"Rightly Guided Caliphs"
Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali
How did the Religion of Islam spread so much and so effectively?
Religiously tolerant
Non-believers had to pay a tax
Conquering other empires
Not forcing others to be part of their religion
Allow people to still rule as long as they followed Islamic Law.
What are the two main cities that we discussed made up the Indus River Valley Civilization?
Harrappa
Mohenjo-Daro
What is the term called for "Islamic Law?"