Key Vocabulary
What term describes a focus on human potential and achievement?
Humanism
Which civilization developed a writing system and advanced calendars?
Maya
What period was known as the rebirth of art and learning?
Renaissance
Who established a school that trained sailors and navigators?
Prince Henry the Navigator
Which conquistador conquered the Aztec Empire?
Hernán Cortés
What word means planning and following a route?
Navigation
Which civilization's capital city was Cuzco?
Inca
What invention made books easier and faster to produce?
Printing Press
What ship helped explorers travel farther and sail into the wind?
Caravel
Which conquistador conquered the Inca Empire?
Francisco Pizarro
What word means money earned after costs are paid?
Profit
Why was irrigation important in the Southwest?
It helped farmers grow crops in a dry climate.
Who invented the printing press?
Johann Gutenberg
What destination was Columbus trying to reach when he sailed west?
Asia
What was one major effect of the Columbian Exchange?
The spread of new crops, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas.
What term describes a person sent to spread a religion?
Missionary
Which Native American group adapted to life in the Arctic?
Inuit
What movement caused a split in the Christian Church?
Reformation
What economic system stated that colonies increased a nation's wealth?
Mercantilism
Which disease devastated Native American populations after European contact?
Smallpox
What term describes the boundary line established by the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Demarcation
What alliance helped maintain peace among Native American nations?
Iroquois Confederacy
What group emerged from the Reformation?
Protestants
What treaty divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal?
Treaty of Tordesillas
Why did Spain send missionaries to the Americas?
To spread Christianity