Genomic Sequencing
To determine the sequence of nucleotide bases for individual genes or entire genomes.
What is Genomic Sequencing?
Used to estimate time since lineages diverged.
What is sequence divergence?
The changes in organisms over generations as a result of genomic variations.
What is evolution?
Genes are transferred between individuals in the same generation.
What is horizontal gene transfer?
Prevents gene flow between sub-populations during speciation.
What is an isolation barrier?
Used to compare sequence data using computers and statistical analysis.
What is bioinformatics?
An individual's genome sequence can be used to select the most effective drugs and dosage.
What is personalised medicine?
The non-random increase in frequency of DNA sequences that increase survival and the non-random reduction in the frequency of deleterious sequences.
What is natural selection?
Natural selection is more rapid since these cells exchange genetic material horizontally resulting in faster evolutionary change than vertical transfer.
What are prokaryotes?
Speciation involving geographical barriers.
What is allopatric?
Disease-causing organisms, pest species and important model organisms for research.
What 3 types of organisms are mainly sequenced?
Cells, last universal ancestor, prokaryotes, photosynthetic organisms, eukaryotes, multicelluarity, animals, vertebrates and land plants.
What is the main sequences of events in evolution of life?
An average phenotype is selected for and extremes of the phenotype range are selected against.
What is stabilising selection?
Genes are transferred from parent to offspring as a result of sexual or asexual reproduction.
What is vertical gene transfer?
Speciation involving behavioural or ecological barriers.
What is sympatric?
The study of evolutionary history and relationships.
What is phylogenetics?
Used to show when species diverged during evolution.
What is a molecular clock?
One extreme of the phenotype range is selected for.
The generation of new biological species by evolution as a result of isolation, mutation and selection.
What is speciation?
First to propose the theory of evolution.
Who is Charles Darwin?
Sequence data and fossil evidence.
What determines the main sequence of events in evolution?
The use of genome information in the choice of drugs.
What is pharmacogenetics?
Two or more phenotypes are selected for.
What is disruptive selection?
A group of organisms capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring, and which does not normally breed with other groups.
What is a species?
What are the three domains of life?