Macromolecules
Name the three elements that are in all macromolecules. Write the elements' names.
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
What do enzymes do? You must use product and substrate in your answer.
Enzymes bind to substrates. The substrates break down into products.
What is the job of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane moves materials into and out of the cell.
Name the two types of cell transport.
passive transport
active transport
What is the monomer of a lipid?
fatty acid
Identify the four structures that food passes through in the digestive system. List the structures in order from where food enters.
1. mouth
2. stomach
3. small intestine
4. large intestine
What do ribosomes do?
Ribosomes make proteins.
Is osmosis active or passive transport and what is osmosis?
passive transport
Osmosis is the movement of water from high to low concentration.
What is the polymer of a carbohydrate and give an example?
polysaccharide
example: starch
Name all the digestive system processes in the large intestine.
chemical digestion
elimination
absorption
Name the four parts that all cells have.
DNA
cell membrane
ribosomes
cytoplasm
Is facilitated diffusion active or passive transport? What is facilitated diffusion?
passive transport
Facilitated diffusion is when molecules move through the cell membrane using a protein channel from high to low diffusion.
What is the function of nucleic acid?
To store genetic information
What does the pancreas do?
The pancreas sends enzymes to speed up chemical reactions in the small intestine.
Cells want homeostasis. What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is balancing the internal conditions of a cell.
Is protein pumps active or passive transport? What are protein pumps?
active transport
Protein pumps move materials against their concentration gradient across the cell membrane.
What are the three functions of proteins?
1. to regulate cell processes
2. to build and repair tissues
3. to act as enzymes
Write a contrasting sentence that uses two of the three words below.
sensory neurons
motor neurons
interneurons
Sensory neurons receive signals while motor neurons send signals.
Interneurons process information; however, sensory neurons receive signals.
Sensory neurons originate in the body. In contrast, motor neurons originate in the brain.
Write a contrasting sentence that contrasts two parts of a cell.
Answers may vary.
Answers must use one of the following words: however, while or in contrast
Write a contrasting sentence using the words "endocytosis" and "exocytosis".
Endocytosis is moving materials into the cell through a pocket on the cell membrane, while exocytosis is moving materials out of the cell through a pocket on the cell membrane.