While looking for a reason why bacteria made people sick, this British scientist accidentally discovered bacterial transformation.
Who is Frederick Griffith?
100
The type of sugar found in a DNA molecule.
What is deoxyribose?
100
The process in which an identical copy of a DNA strand is formed for a new cell.
What is DNA replication?
100
The type of sugar found in an RNA molecule.
What is ribose?
100
The scientific name for each three base "word" in the genetic code.
What is a codon?
200
While observing bacterial transformation, this Canadian biologist and his colleagues discovered that the nucleic acid - DNA - stores and transmits genetic information from one generation to the next.
Who is Oswald Avery?
200
Smaller subunits of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
What is a nucleotide?
200
An enzyme that joins individual nucleotides to produce the new strand of DNA.
What is DNA polymerase?
200
RNA's most important job is the synthesis of this macromolecule.
What is a protein?
200
Name of the three base "word" carried by tRNA which is complementary to mRNA.
What is an anticodon?
300
While studying viruses, these two American scientists confirmed Oswald Avery's idea that DNA was the genetic material found in genes of all living things.
Who are Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase?
300
The twisted, ladder-like shape of a DNA molecule.
What is a double helix?
300
The type of organism in which cell division starts from a single point and proceeds in two different directions around a circular chromosome.
What is a prokaryote?
300
Process in which segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules.
What is transcription?
300
A heritable change in genetic information.
What is a mutation?
400
These two scientists are credited with discovering the double helix shape of DNA.
Who are James Watson and Francis Crick?
400
This Austrian-American biochemist discovered how the nitrogen bases of DNA combined based upon the percentages of the bases found in sample of DNA.
Who is Erwin Chargaff?
400
Type of organism in which replication may begin at dozens or even hundreds of different locations on the DNA molecule.
What is an eukaryote?
400
The process of decoding mRNA into a protein.
What is translation?
400
Gene mutation that involves changes in one or a few nucleotides.
What is a point mutation?
500
This female scientist took an X-ray photo showing the true structure of the DNA double helix.
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
500
These are the names of the four nitrogen bases found in DNA.
What are adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine.
500
How DNA nitrogenous bases pair.
What is adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine?
500
The three types of RNA.
What are messenger, ribosomal, and transfer RNA?
500
Changes in the number or structure of chromosomes.