Pale-Indians
This is the name of the land Bridge that the Paleo Indians crossed to reach America
Bering Strait Land Bridge
Name three of the "Five Civilized Tribes"
Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminoles
These were located in the middle of the Moundville where many activities were held
The central plaza
This was the first European Explorer to come in contact with the Southeastern Indians
Hernando De Soto
What modern day game gets its influence directly from the famous "Stick Ball" game?
Lacrosse
What does the term "subsistence" refer to?
The ability to gather resources needed to support life at a basic level
What were hinterlands?
Name two things that were built on top of mounds in these mound cities
The Chiefs home and temples for rituals and spiritual ceremonies.
What were shatter zones?
The area between powerful states competing for influence, resulting in frequent boundary changes, political instability, and conflict for the groups in between
Name one of the biggest contributors to the idea that Native Americans were "uncivilized"
They did not record their history on paper
It was assumed the Moundville's were built by another civilization
Use to justify the land taken from these people
By 5000 BCE, what all had the Paleo-Indians learned to grow?
Squash, corn and beans
What practice did the Choctaw and Chickasaw participate in?
What all events could take place in the central plaza of a mound city? (Name two)
Ceremonies, Stick Ball games, trade, rituals
What attempts did the Cherokee do to preserve their land/sovereignty (there are three of these).
Form an alliance with the American Military (light horse force)
Create a constitution and a proper government
Create a written language
Name three of the states that De Soto's party traveled through?
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Texas, Arkansas, etc.
Explain the second way in which the Paleo-Indians reached the Americas?
By boat across the pacific ocean by following bird and star patterns.
In what ways were Cherokee women more progressive than American women? (There are three)
- They were allowed to own property
- Kinship was traced through them
- Allowed to participate in the political decisions
When did the Mound cities begin to decline?
Before the Europeans arrived due to changing climate and diseases
This was the leader of the Creeks during the Creek war
Chief Tecumseh
Explain how shatter zones led the the collpase of Native American society?
Native Americans would buy supplies from European markets for protection. This created debt which led to over hunting their hinterlands causing a downward spiral.
Name the three levels of Native cosmology and what each level represented
The world above them was ordered and pure while the underworld was disorder and chaos. The world in the middle was what the Native Americans currently inhabited which was somewhere in between order and chaos.
In the Cherokee myth, What were the names of the two supernatural figures that led to things such as corn?
Kana’ti and Selu
While Moundville in Alabama is a popular archeological site, what is the largest Mound city ever discovered in America?
The Cahokia site in Illinois
This is the other historical name for the Creek war from 1812-1814
The Red Stick War
What was Tenochtitlán?
The capital of the Aztec Empire that floated on water