States of Matter
Definite shape and a definite volume, and its particles are tightly packed together, vibrating in place.
Solid
When a liquid turns into a solid
Freezing
A type of physical property describing the way a substance looks
Color
Breaking a glass, crumpling a piece of paper, and slicing an apple are all examples of this type of change
Physical
These can be living or nonliving
Natural Resources
Definite volume but takes the shape of its container because its particles can slide past each other.
Liquid
When liquid turns into a gas
Evaporation
The harmful effects a substance may have on living organisms
Toxicity
Baking a cake or digesting your lunch are examples of this type of change, because entirely new substances are created
Chemical
This term describes a material that is man-made by humans in a laboratory or factory using chemical processes
Synthetic
No definite shape and no definite volume, and its particles move very fast, spreading out to fill any space available
Gas
When water vapor in the air cools down and turns back into liquid water droplets on the outside of a cold glass, it is called this
Condensation
The material can easily be bent or hit into a new shape
Malleable
This visual clue, often seen when mixing baking soda and vinegar, indicates that a gas has been produced during a chemical reaction
Bubbles/Fizzing
Synthetic Material is made by these people
Chemical Engineers
How do particles behave when they are in a solid state compared to a gas state?
Particles in a solid vibrate in fixed positions and are tightly packed.
To make a substance change from a solid to a liquid, you must add this type of energy to speed up its particles
Thermal energy
This physical property describes a material's ability to conduct heat or electricity
Conductivity
A ph of 7 indicates the substance is this
Neutral
Coal, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable resources grouped under this collective name because they formed from ancient, decayed plants and animals
Fossil Fuels
Physical measure of how hot or cold an object or environment is
Temperature
When a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first, just like dry ice does
Sublimation
Describes how a substance, like iron, reacts with oxygen and moisture over time to form a new substance like rust
Oxidation
When two substances combine, a solid is formed
Precipitate
This is the primary benefit or reason why humans create synthetic materials
Create materials with specific properties that are stronger, cheaper, or more effective than natural ones