Communicating
A combination of verbal and nonverbal behaviors integrated for the purpose of sharing information.
What is communication?
Questions that are open to interpretation, and cannot be answered by "yes, or no," or a one-word response.
What is open-ended?
Begins with a genuine desire to know the patient as a person and is a way of finding common ground.
What is building rapport?
A term used to describe social variations between cultural groups.
What is cultural diversity?
Invisible structures imposed by legal, ethical, and professional standards of nursing that respect the rights and privacy of the patient, and protect the functional integrity of the alliance between nurse and patient.
What is professional boundaries?
Know your goal with the patient, your personal vulnerabilities and prejudices and nonverbal behaviors to support words.
What is self-awareness?
A shorter, more specific statement used to check the nurse's translation of the patient's words.
What is paraphrase?
Used to ensure that both participants have the same basic understanding of the message.
What is validation?
Describes how immigrants from a different culture learn and choose to adapt to the behavior and norms of a different, new culture, which holds different expectations.
What is acculturation?
An interactive process between clinicians and patients, which “promotes defining problems, presenting options, and providing high-quality information so patients can participate more actively in care.
What is shared decision making (SDM).
A dynamically focused interpersonal process where the nurse hears the message, decodes meaning, asks questions, and provides feedback.
What is active listening?
Recognizing incongruities in a situation and can lighten the mood and put a tense situation into perspective.
What is humor?
Describes a person's awareness of a shared cultural heritage with others based on common racial, geographic, ancestral, religious, or historical bonds.
What is ethnicity?
This phase of a patient-centered relationship is where the conversation turns to active problem solving related to assessed health care needs. Supporting patient self-management strategies is a key concept.
What is working phase?
Listening for what the patient is NOT telling you as well as what they actually reveal.
What is listening for themes?
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act mandates use of this.
What is Interpreter? (or Translator)
Describes a belief that one's own culture is superior to others.
What is ethnocentrism?
“Being with” and “being there” in the moment with the patient.
What is presence?
The broad term used to describe all the factors verbal and nonverbal that influence how the message is perceived.
What is metacommunication?
Conveying your approval or disapproval about the patient's behavior using words such as "good," "bad," or nice."
What is value judgment?
A model to frame clinical teaching and coaching encounters with culturally diverse clients. Hint: The title is an acronym.
What is LEARN Model? (listen, explain, acknowledge, recommend, negotiate)
Holds that each culture is unique and its merits should be judged only on the basis of its own values and standards.
What is cultural relativism?
This relationship is goal-directed, has a set time frame, is focused on the patient’s needs, is entered through necessity, and has limited self-disclosure by the helper.
What is Patient-Centered Relationship? (or therapeutic or helping relationship)