Perspectives of Psych
An approach that focuses on how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking.
What is the social-cultural approach?
The first psychologist.
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
Focuses on psychological processes in learning.
What is an educational psychologist?
The precursor to psychology that studied the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality and existence.
What is philosophy?
The science of behavior and mental processes.
What is psychology?
The scientific study of observable behavior and its explanation by principles of learning.
What is the behavioral approach?
He was a well-known Austrian psychologist that lived in the early 1800s and practiced the precursor to modern psychodynamic psychology.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
They conduct research on age-related behavioral changes.
What is a developmental psychologist?
The three Greek philosophers that attempted to explain how the mind worked.
Who are Socrates, Plato and Aristotle?
We retain information better if we actively retrieve it by self-testing and rehearsing.
What is the testing effect?
An approach that focuses on how we encode, process, store and retrieve information.
What is the cognitive approach?
Although not a psychologist himself, his book “On the Origin of Species” was influential in developing the evolutionary approach.
Who is Charles Darwin?
They apply psychological principles to legal issues.
What is a forensic psychologist?
A 17th century intellectual that believed the mind was a tabula rasa upon birth.
Who is John Locke?
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes and traits.
What are psychometrics?
Focuses on how we meet our needs for love and acceptance and achieve self-fulfillment.
What is the humanistic approach?
She was a reformer that advocated for the humane treatment of mental health patients in asylums.
Who is Dorothea Dix?
They promote psychological health in individuals, groups, or organizations. Must earn a doctorate in psychology.
What is a clinical psychologist?
The view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should rely on observation and experimentation was developed in the 17th and 18th centuries.
What is empiricism?
An early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener that used introspection to reveal the structure of the human brain.
What is structuralism?
A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior.
What is the psychodynamic approach?
Two psychologists from the 1920s that dismissed introspection and redefined psychology as “the scientific study of observable behavior.”
Who are B.F. Skinner and John B. Watson?
They study the relationship between people and their working environment.
What is an industrial-organizational (I/O) psychologist?
She was admitted into Harvard in 1890 and completed all the requirements for graduation but was refused a degree. Out of principle, she refused to accept a degree from Harvard’s undergraduate sister school for women, but if she had, she would have been the first woman to hold a degree in psychology.
Who is Mary Whiton Calkins?
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition, i.e. perception, thinking, memory and language.
What is cognitive neuroscience?