Key People
16th president, Republican, wanted unity and abolition.
Who is Abraham Lincoln?
Abolished slavery, except for punishment for crime.
What is the 13th Amendment (1865)?
Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction that pardoned the south, forced the ratification of the 13th amendment, and required a small amount of southern voters to sear loyalty.
What is the Ten Percent Plan?
A southern white hate group that emerged in Tennessee in 1866 to terrorize African Americans and white allies.
What is the Ku Klux Klan?
Laws that sought the segregate African Americans and prevent them from voting.
What are Jim Crow Laws?
17th president, Democrat, pro states rights and discrimination.
Who is Andrew Johnson?
Universal male suffrage, someone's right to vote cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What is the 15th Amendment (1870)?
The name for the group of politicians during Reconstruction that supported African American equality, punishing the South, and were anti-immigrant.
Who are the Radical Republicans?
The name given to northerners who went south for political and economic opportunities.
What is Carpetbaggers?
The name given to the deal between Republicans and Democrats that ended Reconstruction and pulled troops from the South.
What is the Compromise of 1877?
18th president, Republican, former Union general, he supported Reconstruction but had many scandals and corruption in his administration.
Who is Ulysses S. Grant?
Equal protection under the law, birthright citizenship, and guarantee of due process.
What is the 14th Amendment (1868)?
Organization formed to support African Americans and poor white refugees in the South through education, food, and legal representation.
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
The name given to white southerners who support Reconstruction and join the Republican party. They previous had been locked out of politics pre-Civil War.
What is Scalawags?
African American civil rights activists that valued education, government action, and co-founded the NAACP.
Who is W.E.B. Du Bois?
African American civil rights activist who encouraged hard work and economic upliftment.
Who is Booker T. Washington?
Nation's first civil rights law, it provided federal guarantees for rights and created birthright citizenship.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
Laws that sought to limit the rights of African Americans and keep them as landless workers.
What are Black Codes?
The system of land sharing and eventual debt that kept many African Americans and poor white southerners locked in the South.
What is sharecropping?
African American activist who preached self-defense and opened a newspaper. Also co-founded the NAACP.
Who is Ida B. Wells?
19th president, Republican, his election ended Reconstruction.
Who is Rutherford B. Hayes?
It protected African American's right to ride trains and use public facilities and was left up to local courts to interpret.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1875?
The Radical Republican's proposed plan for Reconstruction that forced Confederates to swear loyalty, highly punished the South, and provided for African American equality.
What is the Wade-Davis Bill?
What are the Enforcement Acts (1870 & 1871)?
A supreme court case in response to the Colfax Massacre that ruled that federal rights are no guaranteed from private citizens and state governments. It weakened Reconstruction.
What is United States v. Cruikshank (1875)?