Presidential Reconstruction
This president created a lenient plan to bring southern states back quickly, offering amnesty to most Confederates.
Abraham Lincoln
Many freed people viewed freedom as the ability to reunite with lost _______.
Family
The Civil Rights Act of 1866 granted citizenship and rights to this group of Americans.
African Americans
During Reconstruction, the majority of Republican voters in the South were from this group.
Freedmen
In the 1872 election, some Democrats adopted this “New Departure” strategy, accepting these Reconstruction amendments.
13th, 14th, and 15th amendments
Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction required only this percentage of voters in a state to take a loyalty oath.
10%
African Americans built independent _______ that became centers for worship, education, and politics.
Churches
This amendment defined citizenship, guaranteed equal protection, and reduced representation for states that denied black men the vote.
14th Amendment
Reconstruction governments in the South established the region’s first system of public _______.
Schools
The “Mississippi Plan” of 1875 relied on this tactic to suppress Republican voters.
Violence and Intimidation
The 13th Amendment abolished this institution in the United States.
Slavery
Sharecropping became the dominant labor system in the South, often trapping freedmen in cycles of _______.
Debt
The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 placed the South under this type of rule until new governments were formed.
Military Rule
Southern railroads expanded with Reconstruction support, but funding often came at the cost of higher state _______.
Taxes
The contested presidential election of 1876 resulted in this compromise, which effectively ended Reconstruction.
Compromise of 1877
Southern states passed these restrictive laws to control freedmen’s labor and movement during Johnson’s Reconstruction.
Black Codes
White southerners resisted black independence by using violence and intimidation, most famously through this secret organization.
KKK (Ku Klux Klan)
Southern states had to do these 2 things before they could regain admission back into the union under congressional reconstruction.
Rewrite their constitution/elect new representatives, ratify the 14th amendment.
Black officeholders during Reconstruction often prioritized civil rights and this area of community improvement.
Education
Federal troops were withdrawn from the South as part of the Compromise of 1877, allowing this party to regain control.
Democrats
Johnson’s Reconstruction plan often put him at odds with this political group in Congress who wanted harsher terms for the South.
Radical Republicans
Freedmen often linked freedom to land ownership, leading to calls for this unfulfilled promise of land redistribution.
40 acres and a mule
Name two ways Southern Democrats used political terrorism to suppress black voting and Republican influence.
Intimidation, violence, murder, voter fraud, economic threats (any two acceptable)
Opponents of Reconstruction governments dismissed southern Republicans with this derogatory term for northern newcomers.
Carpetbaggers
After Reconstruction, southern leaders promoted the vision of a “New South,” emphasizing industrial growth while still maintaining _______ in society.
White supremacy/racial hierarchy