Work, Exchange, Tech
The destruction of what native North American mammal dramatically altered Indian life on the Great Plains?
Bison
This new cultural group emerged in Spanish America following the mixing of Spanish and Native American groups.
Mestizo
This is the name of the first successful Joint Stock Company colonial venture in North America.
Virginia Company / Jamestown Colony
Where was the first ill-fated English attempt at colonizing America?
Roanoke, North Carolina
So called by the Spanish because they lived in villages. Lived in the Southwestern region.
Pueblo Indians
This was the main economic goal of the Spanish in the New World.
Gold / precious minerals
The first representative government in the English colonies, influenced later US governments
House of Burgesses
Native American societies in this region of North America responded to a lack of resources by developing mobile lifestyles.
General term for Spanish explorers in the New World who sought to conquer the native people, establish dominance over their lands, and prosper from their natural resources, including gold
Conquistadors
Iroquois society was a ____________ society, in which women managed decision making and political affairs.
matrilineal or matriarchal
This famous Native American rebellion in 1680 represented the most notable effort of Natives to defend their culture and identity by force against Spanish rule.
Pueblo Revolt
An agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th-century voyagers.
Treaty of Tordesillas
These continents comprise the "Atlantic World"
Africa, Europe, and the Americas
This was the Spanish minister who decried the brutal treatment of Natives in Spanish America during the early 1500s.
Bartolome de Las Casas
What technological innovation allowed maize-developing native American societies to expand their productive capacities?
Irrigation systems
King of Spain gave land grants to Spanish Conquistadors in return for the promise to Christianize them. Part of a broader Spanish effort to subdue the native population.
Encomienda system
Northeast alliance of Indians that included the who lived in longhouses. They established first American democracy.
Iroquois Confederacy / Great League of Peace
This region drew in immense wealth, allowing natives to build enormous mounds and organized urban centers.
Southeast
They were a group that believed the Anglican Church could not be reformed, leading them to desire separation from the Church. In 1620, they sailed in the Mayflower and established the Plymouth colony.
Pilgrims
Describe one change brought out upon by the Columbian Exchange in each of the three spheres of the "Atlantic World" Africa, Europe, and the Americas
1. Changes in diet 2. Potatoes, maize, tomatoes (brought to Europe) 3. Horses brought to America 4. Slavery brought to America from Africa 5. Disease placed most burden on America
What was the new business entity used in the period of exploration to raise money for colonial ventures and settlement?
Joint-stock company
The farming industry in this region required people, such as the Algonquians, to begin to live together and create more fortified villages to protect their harvests.
Northeast
This European colonial power relied on indentured servants for the survival of their early colonies in the 16th century.
England