Democracy
What is the difference between representative and direct democracy?
Representative elects a smaller group to represent the whole. Direct requires all citizens to participate.
How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have?
27
What is the name for powers specifically given to one of the branches of government?
Expressed (Enumerated) Powers
Legal process whereby a criminal is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of another state in which the crime is committed.
Extradition
Another name for the Necessary and Proper clause that gives Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper (implied powers) for carrying out the enumerated list of powers.
Elastic Clause
What governing document was replaced by the US Constitution?
Articles of Confederation
What do we call it when the presidency is controlled by one party and the legislature by another?
Divided government
List an example of a program funded by a categorical formula grant:
Medicare, Medicaid, WIC (food stamps), Child Healthcare Insurance Program (CHIP)
Grants with particular congressional guidelines or mandates, called strings.
Categorical Grants
This is a case that limited Congress's power under the commerce clause when the court declared the Gun Free School Zones Act unconstitutional.
U.S. v. Lopez
What is the name of the Constitutional compromise that created our bicameral legislature?
The Great (Connecticut) Compromise
Name two checks the legislature has over the executive branch?
Veto override. Advice and consent of executive appointees. Senate approval of treaties. Power of the purse. Etc.
What precedent did McCulloch v. Maryland set?
Expanded the federal government's power under the Necessary and Proper and Supremacy Clauses.
Federal money given to states for broadly defined reasons; offers larger sums of money to the states without the strings (mandates).
Block Grants
Document that warned against a large republic and argued that the Necessary and Proper and Supremacy clauses give the federal government too much power.
Brutus 1
What compromise accommodated concerns over how to count slaves for apportionment?
Three-Fifths Compromise
What was the precedent set in Marbury v. Madison?
The court has the power to declare laws and actions unconstitutional under the principle of judicial review.
What do we call powers that are shared by both state and federal government? Give one example.
Concurrent powers. Taxes, enforce laws, borrow money, take land for public use (eminent domain).
A political arrangement in which power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms; state governments exercising those powers without interference from the federal government.
Dual Federalism
Document that advocated for a strong republic to limit the dangers of factions.
In the battle over Constitutional ratification, what group argued for the inclusion of the Bill of Rights?
Anti-Federalists
What portion of the states does it take to ratify an amendment to the Constitution?
3/4
Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 gives the Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations. What is it’s name?
Commerce Clause
A flexible relationship between the federal and state governments in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs.
Document that argued for the division of government into three separate branches and the allocation of powers of each branch over the others (checks and balances).
Federalist 51