Federalism
Group that opposed the ratification of the Constitution, supported more power for the states
Anti-Federalists
What is the name for the structure that gives each of the 3 branches of government some degree of oversight and control over the actions of the others?
Checks and Balances
What was the Articles of Confederation's greatest weakness?
Weak central government
Decision to uphold broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce. (NY and NJ beef to control steamboats on the Hudson River.)
Gibbons v. Ogden
32nd President, a Democrat (1933-1945), took US through WWII and Great Depression.
FDR
A pragmatic approach to federalism that views relations between national and state governments as both coercive and cooperative.
Progressive Federalism
Where did the Founding Fathers adopt the Articles of Confederation?
2nd Continental Congress
Ruling that limited applicability of the Bill of Rights to the federal government, and not the states. (Businessman ran a docking business off the city's wharf, got damaged by construction, tried to sue city, failed.)
Barron v. Baltimore
Two political philosophers who had opposing views towards the significance of a strong government. One supported an authoritarian government due the inability to trust society, the other supported a limited government to prioritize natural rights.
Hobbs and Locke
The intertwined relationship between national, state, and local governments that began with the New Deal.
Cooperative Federalism
List the order of the topics for the first 3 articles of the Constitution (correctly).
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
When were the Articles of Confederation ratified?
1781
Decision that ruled the MO Compromise unconstitutional, denied citizenship rights to enslaved African Americans. (Black slave who was in Missouri, moved to Wisconsin and then back to Missouri. Argued for freedom while he was in Wisconsin, failed.)
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Vice President (1825 to 1832) from South Carolina who supported states' rights in pre-Civil War era.
John C. Calhoun
Federal-state relationship proposed by the Reagan administration during the 1980s; hallmark is returning administrative power to the state government.
New Federalism
Powers that belong to the President because they can be inferred from the Constitution.
Inherent Powers
Define Confederation
Type of government in which the national government derives its powers from the states; a league of independent states.
SCOTUS upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank, via Supremacy Clause.
McCulloch v. Maryland
Chief Justice who served from 1801 to 1835, decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the principle of judicial review in the US.
John Marshall
The belief that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement.
Dual Federalism
Which Article of the Constitution specifies the requirements for ratification?
Article 7
Name the conflict that highlighted the issues with the Articles of Confederation, and why.
Shay's Rebellion, not powerful enough to raise an army/militia
Dillon's Rule
All local governments do not have any inherent sovereignty and instead must be authorized by state governments, which can create or abolish them.
Montesquieu
The French baron and political theorist who first articulated the concept of separation of powers with checks and balances.