Atomic Structure
what are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What do the columns on the Periodic Table represent/are called?
Groups (elements with similar properties).
What is anything that has mass and takes up space?
Matter
Name the three most common states of matter
Solid, liquid, gas.
Name an example of a physical change.
Melting ice, cutting paper, dissolving sugar in water, etc.
Which subatomic particle is positively charged and found in the nucleus?
Proton
true or false: The periodic table is organized into metals, non-metals, and metalloids.
true
How do particles in a gas differ from particles in a solid?
Particles in a gas are widely separated and move freely, while particles in a solid are tightly packed and vibrate in place.
What is the process of a liquid becoming a solid called?
freezing
What is a chemical change?
A change that creates a new substance with different properties.
The original substance is transformed into something new
What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass?
Atomic number is the number of protons; atomic mass is protons + neutrons.
Nitrogen has 7 protons and 7 neutrons, what is its atomic mass?
14 amu
true or false: Solids do not have a fixed volume or fixed shape.
false - gases do not have a fixed volume or shape
The state of matter in which a substance has a definite volume but no definite shape
liquid
Which of the following is not an example of a physical change?
What do we call atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons?
Isotopes
this chemical element has 5 protons, what is it?
Boron
solids have a definite ______
a. Shape
b. Volume
c. Arrangement of atoms, molecules
d. All of the above
D. all of the above
The sun and other stars are made of a type of matter called _____________
plasma
Describe one difference between a physical and a chemical change.
Physical changes do not create new substances, but chemical changes do.
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does Magnesium have? (Hint: Atomic number = 12, Atomic mass = 24.305)
12 protons, 12 neutrons, 12 electrons.
Which scientist’s attempt at publishing the periodic table was most successful?
Dmitri Mendeleev
Which phases (states) of matter have a definite volume?
A. solids and liquids, only
B. solids and gases, only
C. liquids and gases, only
D. solids, liquids, and gases
A. solids and liquids, only
When a substance changes from a liquid to a gaseous state, this is said to be the ________ point.
1. boiling
What are some signs of a chemical change?
Color change, gas production, formation of a precipitate, temperature change.