Universe Beginnings
Approximately when did the universe begin? (Round to the nearest whole number)
14 billion years ago
Looking at the energy levels of light waves on a spectrometer (light color scale, ROYGBIV), how does energy level change throughout the scale of visible light waves?
Energy and frequency increase going from red to blue on the spectrum.
Which sequence represents the life cycle of an average sized star?
Nebula-main sequence star-red giant-planetary nebula-white dwarf.
This layer of the Sun is named after its "crown" like appearance.
The corona
All the stars observed from Earth emit light that is shifted, to varying degrees, to longer wavelengths. How is this evidence used to support the big bang theory?
Open Ended
What is important about Hubble’s discovery that there is a red shift in the spectra of galaxies?
It suggests the universe is expanding.
Main sequence stars are responsible for the formation of many elements. Which of the following best describes the process that forms these elements?
lighter elements fuse to form heavier elements which releases a lot of energy.
EXAMPLE: Hydrogen fuses to form helium, releasing energy and neutrons.
Solar flares may be used to predict what?
An increase in radiation from the sun reachingEarth.
This layer of the Sun is the where nuclear fusion takes place.
The core
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) is the term used to describe the residual microwave radiation observed everywhere in the universe that seems to have no single source. How is the observation of CMBR used as evidence for the big bang theory?
Open Ended
What is true about the observed distance of galaxies?
The farther galaxies are from us, the faster they appear to be moving away.
What is the correlation between temperature and luminosity for main sequence stars?
As temperature increases, luminosity increases.
The energy from the sun that reaches Earth is the result of which of the following processes, repeated many times in the core of the sun?
The nuclei of two atoms are combined to form a single atom with a larger nucleus.
This layer of the Sun is also known as the "surface" of the Sun.
The Photosphere
What is the Doppler effect?
An increase or decrease in the frequency of waves depending on the source’s position.
What is the correlation between star color and temperature?
Blue stars are hot, red stars are cooler.
How long is the solar cycle?
11 years
This layer is just outside the core of the Sun
Radiative Zone
What is the life cycle of a massive star?
Nebula- main sequence star- red supergiant- supernova- neutron star or black hole.
Which is hotter, a white dwarf or a red supergiant?
White Dwarf
This layer of the Sun is red in color and is above the photosphere.
The chromosphere.