State Creation Theories/Types of Gov
Name the 4 state creation theories
Force theory, divine right theory, evolutionary theory, and social contract theory
Name the 4 Enlightened Philosophers we discussed.
Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau
What did the Declaration of Independence do?
Declared Americas independence from Great Britain
What is the name for the first 10 Amendments
The Bill of Rights
What is the meaning of delegated, concurrent, & reserved powers?
Delegated: National/Federal Government
Concurrent: Federal & State Government
Reserved: State Powers
What type of government does America currently have?
Representative Democracy
Which English philosopher argued that in the "state of nature," people are driven by self-interest and without a powerful ruler, society would descend into chaos and violence
Thomas Hobbes
Name one of the Key Principles of the Declaration of Independence
Social Contract
Natural Rights
Popular Sovereignty/Consent of the Governed
Right to Revolution
What was the original purpose of the Constitutional convention?
Amend the Articles of Confederation
What is the difference between Federalist & Anti-federalist?
Federalists: Supported the Constitution - no change needed
Anti-Federalists: Believed the constitution did not protect the rights of the citizens and needed amended
What type of government has a democratic political system with a king/queen?
Constitutional Monarchy
Who argued that governments are formed through the consent of the governed and that people have the right to overthrow a government that fails to protect their rights?
John Locke
Name 3 weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Could not tax
Each State only got one vote in congress
9/13 States to pass laws
13/13 to change/amend Articles
What was the New Jersey, Virginia, & Connecticut plans?
New Jersey: Equal representation per state in both houses.
Virginia: 2 houses, both with representation based on population.
Connecticut (Great Compromise): 2 houses, senate- each state gets two votes, house- representation based on population.
What are the 4 sections of the Declaration of Independednce?
1. Preamble
2. Natural Rights
3. Grievances
4. Formal Proclamation
Which state creation theory is the United States mostly aligned with?
Social Contract Theory
What was Montesquieu & Rousseau's idea on the ideal form of government?
Montesquieu: Republic
Rousseau: Direct Democracy
Describe the set up of the Articles of Confederation.
Unicameral system with on legislature where each state only got one vote.
Name and describe the first 4 sections of the Constitution.
Preamble: Established Unity
Article I: Legislative Branch, creates laws
Article II: Executive Branch, enforces laws
Article III: Judicial Branch, interprets laws
Describe the 4 State Creation Theories
Force Theory: Power Through Domination
Evolution Theory: Natural Growth from Family
Divine Rights Theory: Monarchs chosen by God to rule.
Social Contract Theory: People give up some rights for protection of a government and for the benefits of society.
In this form of government, power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of individuals, often based on wealth, military control, or social status.
Oligarchy
What were the philosophers beliefs on this statement: The government should have the authority to confiscate a person’s private property for the public good.
Hobbes: Supportive, emphasized strong power
Locke: Opposed, believed in natural rights
Montesquieu: Supportive, only under checks and balances
Rousseau: Supportive if its for the will of the people and the decision is made democratically
Name the main reasons for deciding to declare independence.
1. Leadership: King George III
2. Stamp Act: Taxed all printed goods in the colonies
3. The Intolerable Acts
4. The Boston Massacre
Name the Bill of Rights
1: Freedoms, Petitions, Assembly
2: Right to bear arms
3: Quartering of soldiers
4: Search and arrest
5: Rights in criminal cases
6: Right to a fair trial
7: Rights in civil cases
8: Bail, fines, punishment
9: Rights retained by the People
10: States' rights
The Petition of Wright
The Mayflower Compact
Magna Carta
English Bill of Rights