States of Matter & Phase Changes
This phase change is when a solid turns directly into a gas.
Sublimation
This is a pure substance made of only one type of atom.
Element
This type of reaction releases heat to its surroundings.
Exothermic
On a heating curve, these flat segments indicate a phase change. What do you call it?
Plateaus
According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory, gas particles have this but no fixed volume. What is it?
Mass
During boiling, this condition must be met for the liquid to change to gas.
vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure
A mixture with uniform composition, like saltwater, is called this.
Homogeneous mixture or solution
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called this.
Activation Energy
During a phase change, this type of energy changes while temperature stays constant.
Potential Energy
At Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), one mole of an ideal gas occupies this volume. What is the volume
22.4 liters
Heat is absorbed during this phase change from liquid to gas.
Vaporization or Boiling
This type of mixture has particles that scatter light, producing the Tyndall effect.
Colloid
Heat transfer through ___________ between ________ is called Conduction
Direct contact and Particles
When a substance freezes, heat is:
Release
Boyle’s Law states that pressure and volume have this kind of relationship. What kind of relationship?
Inverse
When gas particles lose energy and become liquid, this phase change occurs.
Condensation
A molecule made of two or more different elements chemically bonded is called this.
Compound
Heat transfer by the ____________________, like warm air rising, is called ___________
Movement of Fluids; Convection
The energy absorbed during melting is called
Heat of Fusion
What is the ideal gas constant ( R ) in units of L·atm/mol·K
0.0821 L·atm/mol·K
The volume behavior of water when it freezes, compared to most substances. What is it?
Water expands slightly (instead of contracting)
These mixtures have particles that settle out over time, like muddy water.
Suspension
This type of heat transfer does not require _________ and can occur through space is called _________
particles/matter; Radiation
What is a Heating and Cooling Curve?
A graph that shows the change in temperature and Phase/State over a period time.
The gas law that combines pressure, volume, and temperature in one formula.
Combined Gas Law