Characteristics of Life
What is the basic unit that makes up all living things?
Cell
Who first used the word “cell” when looking at cork under a microscope?
Robert Hooke
Give one example of a unicellular organism.
Paramecium / Amoeba / Euglena / Bacteria
What structure helps some bacteria move around?
flagella
What organelle makes ATP from food to provide energy to cell?
mitochondria
What characteristic of life is shown when you sweat to keep your body cool?
maintaining internal balance (homeostasis)
Which scientist concluded that all animals are made of cells?
Theodor Schwann
Give one example of a prokaryotic organism.
bacteria or archaea
What structure gives bacteria shape and protection?
cell wall
What organelle packages and ships proteins inside the cell?
Golgi bodies
A rabbit runs away when it hears a loud sound. Which characteristic of life is this?
responding to stimuli
If the eyepiece is 10× and the objective lens used is scanning power, what is the total magnification?
40x
What tiny structures in cells are responsible for making proteins?
ribosomes
What structure helps bacteria exchange DNA?
pili/pilus
Name two structures found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
cell wall and chloroplasts
olar bears have thick fur that helps them survive in freezing climates. What characteristic of life is this?
evolution/adaptation
If the eyepiece is 10× and the total magnification is 400×, what objective lens is used?
high power objective/ HPO (blue)
Which of the following organisms does NOT belong to the group?
A. animal
B. fungi
C. archaea
D. plant
C. archaea
Name three structures that protect a bacterial cell.
cell wall, cell membrane, capsule
What structure do animal cells have for breakdown of food and wastes that plants do not?
lysosomes
A mushroom does not move like animals do, yet it is living. Give two reasons why it is considered alive.
It is made of cells, and it obtains and uses energy by absorbing nutrients.
Which of the following proponents and corresponding statements is FALSE?
A. Rudolf Virchow: “Cells arise from previously existing cells”
B. Matthias Schleiden: “Plants are made up of cells.”
C. Theodore Schwann: “Animals are made up of cells.”
D. Robert Hooke: “Cells have organelles.”
D. Robert Hooke: “Cells have organelles.”
Using a microscope in the science lab, Marco observed two unknown cells with the label: Cell X and Cell Y. He identified Cell X as a bacterial cell and Cell Y as a plant cell. His teacher confirmed that his identification was correct. What did Marco most likely observe to correctly identify the cells?
A. Cell X had a nucleus and Cell Y did not.
B. Cell X had chloroplasts and Cell Y did not.
C. Cell Y had a nucleus and Cell X did not.
D. Cell Y had a cell wall but Cell X did not.
C. Cell Y had a nucleus and Cell X did not.
Trichodina is a eukaryotic organism that attaches itself to fish and eats bacteria. Which of the following features makes Trichodina different from all prokaryotes?
A. Trichodina has cytoplasm.
B. Trichodina has ribosomes.
C. Trichodina has nucleus.
D. Trichodina has a cell membrane.
C. Trichodina has nucleus.
Starting from the nucleus, what is the correct sequence of organelles involved in making and transporting proteins in a eukaryotic cell?
Nucleus → Ribosomes → Rough ER → Golgi apparatus