Protein
What are proteins in their simplest form?
Amino Acids
Do we metabolize fats aerobically, anaerobically, or both?
Aerobically
Why is glucose different than other carbohydrates?
Glucose is the only carbohydrate that can be used DIRECTLY for energy.
Nichole is walking her dog along Sewell Park, what process is mainly occurring?
Lipolysis
Why is ATP important?
How we are able to get immediate energy.
Are we using protein when we exercise?
Yes, although minimal we use protein during exercises.
When we are primarily using fats, ATP production must be ___ and oxygen must be ____ available.
low, more/readily
What are carbohydrates classified by?
(by # of...)
By the number of sugars
Describe the difference between muscle glycogen and liver glycogen during Glycogenolysis.
M.G.- Active when we exercise, Glycogen Phosphorylase, provide glucose to muscle cells for energy.
L.G.- Active any time blood glucose levels decrease, Glycogen Phosphorylase and Phosphatase, to provide glucose to the blood
What 2 categories are Carbohydrates classified under?
Complex or simple carbohydrates, (monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides)
When does protein increase during exercise?
Endurance exercises, When deprived of carbohydrates (fasted)
What enzyme increases Lipolysis?
Lipase
1,500-2,600 kcals
How will intensity determine what process is occurring?
At low intensity or fasted, mainly using fats (Lipolysis). At high intensity mainly using carbs (Glycolysis, Glycogenolysis). Endurance after 90min-2hrs mainly using fats (Lipolysis) and protein (Proteolysis)
What carbohydrates will NOT spike your blood glucose levels?
Slow-digest and non-digesting carbohydrates.
What makes Protein different from the other macronutrients?
Contains Nitrogen, can never be primary fuel source, builds tissue
How much can we store in fats?
70,000-110,000 (basically no limit)
T/F Carbohydrates will always be our main macronutrient in high intensity exercise, if it’s 30 minutes or 2 hours.
False
What are the enzymes associated with carbohydrates within the processes?
Hint: Glycolysis, Glycogenolysis, Glycogenesis
PFK, Glycogen Synthase, Glycogen Phosphorylase and Phosphatase
What are the three types of Monosaccharides?
Fructose, Lactose, Galactose
When is proteolysis occurring during a marathon?
towards the beginning (5%) and towards the end (20-40%)
What is the order from smallest to largest of the fuel tanks we have?
Blood Glucose, Liver Glycogen, Muscle Glycogen, Fats
Once glucose is absorbed by small intestine it can be…
Used for energy, stored in muscles or liver, converted to fats
Terry and Jeff are wanting to get Chimy's. Terry was walking around the square and Jeff just finished his game of Pickleball. What processes are Terry and Jeff mainly going to go through after eating their food?
Terry: lipogenesis
Jeff: Glycogenesis, Protein synthesis
Karen eats rice and tilapia for dinner while George ate tacos on flour tortillas. Who is more likely to experience hyperglycemia after eating?
George