Democracy v. Authoritarianism
A system in which leaders are chosen through free, fair, and competitive elections
Democracy
A political organization with sovereignty over a defined territory and population
State
In this system, political power is concentrated at the national level
Unitary
This statistic measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country (no acronym)
Gross domestic product
This type of legitimacy is based on the force of tradition and long-standing institutions
Traditional
What are the two common ways a democratic regime can fall into authoritarianism
Coup or revolution
The set of rules and norms that dictate political operations within a defined territory
Regime
In federal systems, authority is constitutionally divided between these two levels
National and subnational
This index measures income inequality within a country
Gini Index
Leaders like Vladimir Putin or Mao Zedong derive legitimacy from this personal quality
Charisma (Charismatic legitimacy)
Specifically, what type of authoritarian regime is Iran and what is the name of the ideology that controls the regime
Theocracy, Sharia Law
The ability of a state to carry out actions or policies within its territory
Sovereignty
The United Kingdom is considered a unitary state but has this type of arrangement that gives power to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland
Devolution
List two of the measurements collected for the HDI
Life expectancy, education, or income
High legitimacy contributes to this condition in which the political system is unlikely to break down or face rebellion
Stability
Between what two years did both Nigeria and Mexico become electoral democracies
1999 and 2000
Unlike governments, which can change quickly, states are considered this, making them difficult to alter or destroy
Highly institutionalized
List the federal and unitary states of our course countries
Federal: Russia, Nigeria, Mexico
Unitary: China, Iran, UK
If a country has a high GDP and therefore has a high literacy rate, what type of relationship does this likely show
Correlation
Nigeria often struggles with legitimacy because of these regional and ethnic divisions that weaken a shared national identity
Cleavages
The Iranian Revolution is an example of this type of change
Regime change from democratic to authoritarian
List the head of state or head of government for at least 4 of our 6 countries
China: Xi Jinping and Li Qiang
Iran: Masoud Pezeshkian and Ali Khameni
Russia: Vladimir Putin and Mikhail Mishustin
UK: Keir Starmer and King Charles
Mexico: Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo
Nigeria: Bola Tinubu
Give two pros for a federal and unitary system
Answers will vary
What type of statement is the following: Democracies are better at protecting individual freedoms than authoritarian regimes
Normative
What are three sources of rational-legal legitimacy
Constitutions, electoral systems, policy effectiveness, ideology, economic development