Taxonomy
The most specific level on the taxonomic chart
Species
True or False: Viruses are living organisms
False, they are nonliving and must attach to a living host cell in order to reproduce.
Which microbe is often referred to as the "odds and the ends"? Why?
Protists because they are eukaryotic organisms that can be classified under animals, plants, or fungi. Protists can have varying characteristics, they can be both heterotrophs and autotrophs, unicellular and multicellular, and reproduce sexually or asexually.
What is the difference between invertebrates and vertebrates?
Vertebrates have a backbone, invertebrates do not.
What are the 4 basic needs that living things need in order to survive/satisfy their needs?
Food, water, living space, and homeostasis
What are the 3 domains of all LIVING organisms?
Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea
What microbe is used to make a vaccine?
Vaccines use weakened or dead viruses
Are protists and fungi prokaryotes? Why or why not?
No, because protists and fungi have nuclei in their cells. Prokaryotes do not have nuclei in their cells, meaning that protists and fungi are actually eukaryotes.
What is the name of the process that plants undergo to make their own food using sunlight?
Photosynthesis
What does it mean when a living organism is an autotroph or a heterotroph?
Autotroph: they make their own food/energy using the sunlight
Heterotroph: they must get their food and energy, eat others to get said energy/food (can eat autotrophs and/or other heterotrophs
Evolution is the process of change over time. Natural selection is the idea that some individuals are better adapted to their environment than others. What is convergent evolution?
The process in which unrelated organisms evolve to have similar characteristics (for example: a bird and a dragonfly both have wings)
How would your doctor treat a bacterial infection?
Prescribing an antibiotic
True or False: Fungi can be parasitic and attack a living host.
True, fungi not only act as decomposers (consume dead organisms) and can be parasites.
How do plants get their green color?
Chlorophyll is the green pigment in the chloroplast that absorbs the sunlight.
What was the name for the mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources?
Spontaneous generation
Scientific naming system consisting of the organisms genus and species. What is the name of this two-part naming system?
Binomial nomenclature
What is the name of the thick-walled shell that forms around a bacteria's genetic material to protect itself from harsh conditions?
Bacteria form an endospore
What is a common protist that we eat?
Seaweed
What are the names of the two vascular tissues in plants? What purpose do these tissues serve?
Phloem, transports food across the parts of the plant.
Xylem, water and minerals are transported up the plant to the stem and the leaves.
What is the name for the process in which a living organism maintains stable internal conditions in order to survive?
Homeostasis
DKPCOFGS... what are the names for each taxonomic level?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What are the two ways that bacteria can reproduce?
Binary fission (asexual reproduction)
Conjugation (sexual reproduction)
What kind of environment do fungi grow in?
Damp/wet & warm environments
What are the 6 groups of invertebrates?
Sponges, cnidarians, mollusks, worms, arthropods, and echinoderms
What are the 6 characteristics that all living organisms share?
Contain cells (can be multicellular or unicellular), Contain chemicals (water, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, & Nucleic acid), Growth and Development, Respond to their surroundings, Reproduce, and Use energy (how do they make energy).