Macromolecules
Which macromolecule is made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus atoms?
nucleic acids
What is the term for the process of maintaining a stable internal environment?
homeostasis
What are the two factors that affect how well an enzyme works?
pH and temperature
Which macromolecule stores long term energy?
lipids
2 sugar molecules combined together is called a ____________
disaccharide
Soda, fruits, sugar, whole wheat pasta, and rice are examples of which macromolecule?
a) Lipids.
b) Carbohydrates.
c) Proteins.
d) Nucleic acids
b) Carbohydrates.
Organisms maintain homeostasis and check itself is through positive or negative _________________.
Feedback loops or mechanism
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
By lowering activation energies
What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
nucleotides
Refer to the pH scale diagram. Must answer both questions correctly.
a. What is the pH of soap?
b. Is this pH acidic, basic, or neutral?
a. 12
b. basic
Wax is an example of which macromolecule?
lipids
Which type of feedback loop is shown in the example of childbirth?
The baby pushes on mom's cervix, which causes oxytocin to be released. Oxytocin causes contractions which pushes the baby onto the cervix more.
positive feedback loop or mechanism
Refer to the graph.
a. What is the optimal pH for human salivary amylase?
about 7
Name 2 examples of nucleic acids.
DNA
RNA
CO2 is an example of which level of organization?
molecule
Enzymes are an example of which macromolecule?
proteins
List 3 of the 8 characteristics of living things.
You can have any of the following 5 characteristics. Living things:
1) are made of cells
2) have DNA
3) grow and develop
4) reproduce
5) maintain homeostasis
6) respond to the environment/stimuli,
7) get and use materials and energy
8) evolve.
What does the enzyme release at the end of the chemical reaction?
product(s)
What is the monomer for carbohydrates?
monosaccharide
Which of the following levels of organization is likely to be seen in an organism, going from smallest to largest?
A) organism, organ, organelle, tissue
B) tissue, cell, atom, macromolecule
C) atom, macromolecule, cell, tissue
D) cell, organism, macromolecule, organelle
C) atom, macromolecule, cell, tissue
Which macromolecules are considered organic?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
You shine a flashlight in your friend's eye and observe the pupil dilate. Which characteristic of living things have you observed?
Living things respond to stimuli/environment.
Must answer both questions. Set timer to 2 minutes. Refer to the graph.
Pepsin is an enzyme in the stomach the digests proteins into smaller amino acids.
a. Based on the graph, would pepsin work in a pH of 7?
b. Why? (must use the words enzyme, active site, substrate)
a. No
b. The enzyme's active site will denature (or change shape) so that the substrate can't enter the active site.
Lactase, protease, sucrase, maltase are all examples of which macromolecule?
Protein. Words with an -ase ending are enzymes; enzymes are a type of PROTEIN.
Which feedback loops is shown in the example of sweating or shivering?
negative feedback loop or mechanism