Neurons & Neurotransmitters
The segmented neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles and glands
Axon
The central nervous system is comprised of the
Brain and spinal cord
What is the primary function of the occipital lobes?
Processing visual stimuli via the visual cortex
A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks
Narcolepsy
The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
Sensation
Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gap between neurons
Neurotransmitters
The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy for a fight-or-fight response
Sympathetic nervous system
two lima-bean sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion, specifically fear and anger
Amygdala
The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug
Withdrawal
Conversion of one form of energy into another; the transforming of physical energy into neural impulses the brain can interpret
Transduction
Neurons that carry incoming information from the body's tissues and sensory receptors to the brain and the spinal cord
Sensory neurons
Chemical messengers manufactured by the glands of the endocrine system
Hormones
The motor cortex is located in
Frontal lobe
Depressants that are prescribed to reduce anxiety and induce sleep; essentially tranquilizers
Barbiturates
Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation
Sensory adaptation
Reuptake
A simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulus
Reflex
The hindbrain structure at the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
Medulla
What is it called when the circadian rhythm is disrupted?
Jet lag
The principle that one sense can influence another
Sensory interaction
natural opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure; released through exercise
Endorphins
The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy; our regular resting state
Parasympathetic nervous system
Reticular formation
How does alcohol impair memory?
By slowing activity in the hippocampus
Our sense of taste
Gustation