Scientific Knowledge
True or false: theories are scientific ideas that have not yet been tested.
False! Scientific theories are well supported explanations.
True or False: A hypothesis is a conclusion you draw after you carry out a scientific experiment.
False! You must form a hypothesis BEFORE conducting the experiment.
What type of graph should be used to display and compare data in a number of separate categories?
A bar graph
How are new materials related to new technologies?
New materials help develop new technologies.
A student wants to find out whether pill bugs will stay on the dark side or the lit side of a box. When he writes his hypothesis, what will be the independent variable?
The amount of light on each side of the box
The process of gathering information by using the senses.
A. New evidence
B. Change the data
C. Form an opinion
A. New evidence
During what step of the engineering process would a scientist most likely go to the library?
A. Testing and evaluating
B. Conducting research
B. Conducting research
Fill in the blank: Scientists look for ___ either in the field or in the laboratory.
Empirical evidence or law
Empirical evidence
Put these steps of the scientific method in order.
Analyzing data, drawing a conclusion, defining a problem, forming a hypothesis.
Defining a problem --> forming a hypothesis --> analyzing data --> drawing a conclusion
A simulation is ____
"The test model of a product" OR "uses a model to copy the function, behavior, or process of the thing it represents"
"Uses a model to copy the function, behavior, or process of the thing it represents."
Accepting risks in exchange for benefits or giving up one benefit to gain another is an example of _____
Trade-off
True or false: Fieldwork is done in a controlled environment.
False! Fieldwork is done in an original setting.
Which of the following is a scientific law?
"Climate is changing due to human activities" OR "Any two objects exert a gravitational force of attraction on each other"
"Any two objects exert a gravitational force of attraction on each other" is a scientific law.
What type of model would you use to represent the human heart?
Physical, conceptual, or mathematical
Physical model
Engineering is the application of ____ and ____ to solve real-life problems.
Science and mathematics
A student grew 2 plants to test the effects of fertilizer on plant growth. Her results showed that the plant that got the fertilizer grew more slowly than the plant that did not get fertilizer. How can she verify her results?
A. Repeat the experiment with 2 plants exactly as she did before.
B. Repeat the experiment 4 more times, using 2 plants each.
B. Repeat the experiment 4 more times, using 2 plants each
Explain the difference between repetition and replication.
Repetition is the same person conducting the same experiment again and again. Replication is other scientists conducting a scientist's experiment.
Why is it important for scientists to communicate their results?
Allows for replication of the experiment and helps decrease the possibility of errors and unethical behavior.
What are two characteristics of simple technology and complex technology?
Simple: inexpensive, no electricity, easy to operate, easy to understand
Complex: expensive, can require electricity, difficult to operate, difficult to understand