Renaissance Foundations
This Renaissance movement emphasized the study of classical texts and the potential of human beings
Humanism
This “Renaissance man” painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
Leonardo da Vinci
This Dutch Christian humanist criticized abuses in the Church and called for religious reform through education.
Erasmus
This German monk challenged Church practices in 1517 by publishing his Ninety-Five Theses.
Martin Luther
This Catholic council met from 1545 to 1563 to address Church abuses and clarify Catholic teachings.
Council of Trent
This term refers to subjects such as history, literature, philosophy, and languages that focus on human culture and ideas.
Humanities
This artist sculpted David and painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Michelangelo
This English humanist wrote Utopia, a book describing an imaginary society.
St. Thomas More
Luther objected to the selling of these certificates that claimed to reduce punishment for sins.
Indulgences
This Spanish priest founded the Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits.
St. Ignatius of Loyola
This Italian writer and scholar is often called the “Father of Humanism” and is famous for discovering and studying classical manuscripts.
Francesco Petrarch
This Renaissance painter created The School of Athens.
Raphael
The word describing More's imaginary ideal society means “existing nowhere” or an imagined perfect society.
Utopian
This Holy Roman Emperor opposed Luther and summoned him to defend his beliefs at the Diet of Worms.
Charles V
This Spanish mystic and reformer worked to reform the Carmelite religious order and wrote about her spiritual experiences.
St. Teresa of Avila
This term describes a language spoken by ordinary people, rather than Latin or another scholarly language.
Vernacular
This author wrote The Book of the Courtier, which described the ideal Renaissance courtier.
Baldassare Castiglione
This German inventor is traditionally credited with developing the European movable-type printing press.
Johannes Gutenberg
This Archbishop of Canterbury supported Henry VIII's break with Rome and helped establish the Church of England.
Thomas Cranmer
This word describes a system of government in which religious leaders exercise political authority.
Theocracy
Renaissance artists developed this technique to make objects appear smaller as they get farther away in a painting.
Perspective
This German artist became famous for detailed prints and works such as Melencolia I.
Albrecht Durer
Erasmus and Thomas More were both examples of this movement that combined classical learning with Christian ideas.
Christian humanism
This Swiss city became the center of Calvin's reform movement and was governed according to strict Protestant principles.
Geneva
The Council of Trent reaffirmed Catholic teachings while also addressing problems such as corruption and the training of clergy. This broader Catholic response to Protestantism is often called what?
Catholic Reformation