T/F
True or False: Weathering can only occur by water.
Wegener believed that the continents were assembled as part of a supercontinent about ____ years ago.
What is 250 million?
The theory that explains how new crust is created at mid-ocean ridges.
What is seafloor spreading?
Define hypothesis.
What is an educated guess or proposed explanation for a phenomenon, based on limited evidence, that can be tested through research or experimentation to prove or disprove its validity?
Give the three types of plate boundaries.
What are transform, convergent, and divergent?
True or False: Scientists at the time rejected Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift because he could not explain how or why Earth’s continents move.
What is True?
The presence of the same _____ on several continents supports the hypothesis of continental drift.
What is fossils & rocks
This type of boundary forms where two tectonic plates slide past each other.
What is transform/
Define Earthquake
What is the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or a crack in Earth’s crust?
Note that they do not have to occur on plate boundaries, but most frequently do!
Describe the difference between a constructive and destructive process.
What is a constructive process is creating/building something (like deposition), and a destructive process is destroying something (like weathering)?
True or False: Mountain ranges are formed when two tectonic plates collide.
What is true?
A lack of explanation for continental drift prevented many scientists from accepting that a single supercontinent called ____ once existed.
What is Pangea?
The moving of weathered material from one location to another. Agents of erosion include water, wind, glaciers, and gravity.
What is erosion?
Define Continental Drift.
A hypothesis that suggested that continents are in constant motion on the surface of the Earth.
Describe the process that occurs at oceanic trenches.
What is subduction? Older denser crust is pushed beneath newer less dense crust into the trench. This crust is destroyed.
True or False: The atmosphere flows below Earth's plates and enables the plates to move.
What is False?
asthenosphere
Fault-block mountains occur where _____.
What is tension pulls the crust apart?
The rapid downhill movement of soil, loose rock, and boulders.
What is a landslide?
Define subduction.
What is when two oceanic plates collide. An older and denser oceanic plate will sink beneath a younger, less dense oceanic plate?
True or False: Some early mapmakers thought that the coastline of South America matched the coastline of Asia.
What is False?
early mapmakers noticed that the coastline of South America matched the coastline of Africa, not Asia
The driving forces of tectonic plates are related to convection currents in Earth’s ____.
What is mantle?
This type of mountains are formed when molten rock erupts onto Earth’s surface and hardens.
What are volcanic mountains?
Define lithosphere.
What is the cold and rigid outermost rock layer consisting of the Earth's crust and solid, uppermost mantle?
List Wegener's 4 pieces of evidence for his hypothesis of continental drift.
What is 1. Rock Formations, 2. Fossils, 3. Glacial Features, 4. Coal Deposits?