Heat Transfer
This type of heat transfer occurs through direct contact.
What is conduction?
This process changes liquid water into water vapor.
What is evaporation?
Weather describes atmospheric conditions over this amount of time.
What is a short period of time?
These winds blow near the equator.
What are trade winds?
A testable explanation for an observation.
What is a hypothesis?
This type of heat transfer causes warm air to rise and cool air to sink.
What is convection?
This process forms clouds.
What is condensation?
Climate describes weather patterns over this amount of time.
What is a long period of time?
These winds affect much of the weather in the United States.
What are westerlies?
What should scientists do if data does not support a hypothesis?
Revise the hypothesis and test again.
The Sun transfers energy to Earth using this type of heat transfer.
What is radiation?
Rain, snow, sleet, and hail are examples of this.
What is precipitation?
Miami is warm and humid year-round. Is this weather or climate?
What is climate?
This fast-moving current of air is found high in the atmosphere.
What is the jet stream?
Why can't a hypothesis ever be permanently proven?
Because new evidence can change scientific understanding.
Why does land heat faster than water?
Because water requires more energy to change temperature.
Plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through this process.
What is transpiration?
Name two factors that affect climate.
Latitude, ocean currents, elevation, global winds.
What causes global wind patterns?
Unequal heating of Earth's surface by the Sun.
Results are more reliable when this happens.
Many scientists obtain similar results.
Explain how convection currents help create wind.
Uneven heating causes warm air to rise and cool air to sink, creating air movement.
Put these processes in order:
Condensation
Collection
Evaporation
Precipitation
Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation → Collection
Why is Alaska generally colder than Florida?
Because Alaska is farther from the equator and receives less direct solar energy.
Explain how global winds and ocean currents work together to influence climate.
They move thermal energy around Earth, affecting temperature and precipitation patterns.
A student wants to test whether sunlight affects plant growth. Identify a possible hypothesis.
If a plant receives more sunlight, then it will grow taller.