Three Perspectives
What are the Three Sociological Perspectives? Write them all out.
Structural Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism
The physical objects that people create and use to express culture.
Material Culture
The process by which people learn the rules of society.
Socialization
The position a person holds in society. Signs of this might include a fancy car, suit, jewelry, etc.
Status
Analysis of social life that focuses on broad features of society. Usually used by Structural Functionalists and Conflict Theorists
Macrosociology
This perspective sees society as a system of interrelated parts that work together. Also strongly believe in social order and cohesion.
Structural Functionalist
Shared beliefs, values, and rules for behavior that guide society and culture.
Non-Material Culture
The people, groups, and institutions that teach us about culture.
Agents of Socialization
One person’s actions influencing someone else; usually refers to what people do when they are in one another’s presence.
Social Interaction
Analysis of social life that focuses on social interaction; typically used by symbolic interactionists
Microsociology
This perspective emphasizes inequality, competition, and the struggle for scarce resources.
Conflict Theory
The tendency to view one’s own culture as superior to others.
Ethnocentrism
The part of the self that represents basic drives and instincts, according to Freud.
Id
The framework of society that surrounds us, consists of the ways that people and groups are related to one another, this framework gives direction to and sets limits on our behavior.
Social Structure
The father of sociology.
August Comte
This perspective focuses on the meaning people attach to symbols, interactions, and everyday life.
Symbolic Interactionism
Rewards or punishments used to enforce norms.
Sanctions
The lifelong process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors.
Resocialization
List Three Components of Social Structure
Culture
Social Class
Social Status
Roles
Groups
This sociologist studied the link between Protestant work ethic and the rise of capitalism.
Max Weber
The idea created by Karl Marx which put the bourgeoisie (the rich) at odds with the proletariat (the working class).
Hint: "Conflict Theory" is not the correct answer.
Class Conflict
The time it takes for nonmaterial culture to catch up to material culture.
Cultural Lag
Give an example of socialization
A type of society in which life is intimate; a community in which everyone knows everyone else and people share a sense of togetherness
Gemeinschaft
The condition in which norms are weak, conflicting, or absent, as described by Durkheim.
Anomie