Variables & Data
This type of variable describes an attribute or group, like a Dum Dum flavor or a student’s gender.
What is a Categorical Variable?
If the right side of a dotplot is much longer than the left, we say the distribution is this.
What is Skewed Right?
In the acronym S.O.C.S., the "S" at the beginning stands for this (e.g., Skewed or Symmetric).
What is Shape?
You find this value by adding all observations and dividing by the total number of individuals ($n$).
What is the Mean?
An individual observation that falls outside the overall pattern of the rest of the data.
What is an Outlier?
This type of variable takes numerical values where it makes sense to find an average, like the number of pops in your bank.
What is a Quantitative Variable?
If the left and right sides of a graph are approximately mirror images, we describe it as this.
What is Symmetric?
The "C" in S.O.C.S. stands for this, which can be measured by the mean or median.
What is Center?
This is the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in order from smallest to largest.
What is the Median?
This term describes a statistic that is NOT affected by extreme outliers.
What is Resistant?
This describes the pattern of variation of a variable—it tells us what values the variable takes and how often.
What is a Distribution?
A distribution with one single peak is called this.
What is Unimodal?
The final "S" in S.O.C.S. describes how much the data varies, also known as this.
What is Spread (or Variability)?
If you have 14 pieces of data (like the "Percent of Air in Chips" example), the median is the average of which two positions?
What are the 7th and 8th positions?
Between the Mean and the Median, this is the one that is considered Resistant.
What is the Median?
This is the specific "count" of individuals in a category divided by the total number of individuals.
What is Relative Frequency?
This graph is used for quantitative data and shows each value as a point above a number line.
What is a Dotplot?
To calculate this simple measure of spread, you subtract the Minimum from the Maximum.
What is Range?
In a Skewed Left distribution, this measure of center is usually pulled down and is smaller than the other.
What is the Mean?
In your Lesson 1.6 notes, adding "Mrs. Gallas" (65 hours) to the class data caused the Mean to do this.
What is Increase?
A table that shows the distribution of a categorical variable by giving the number of individuals in each category.
What is a Frequency Table?
If a dotplot has two distinct clusters or "humps," it is described by this term.
What is Bimodal?
When describing a distribution, you must always provide these two things to make your answer complete.
What are Context (units/variable name) and Comparison words (if comparing two sets)?
If a distribution is perfectly symmetric, what is the relationship between the Mean and the Median?
What is they are equal?
Why is the Median used to report "Typical Home Prices" in a city instead of the Mean?
Because home prices are often Skewed Right (due to a few mansions), and the Median is resistant to those high outliers.