Mitosis
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
How much ATP does aerobic respiration produce? Anaerobic?
aerobic - 30-38
anaerobic - 2
What is chlorophyll?
The green pigment that allows plants to absorb light
What are the four macromolecules?
Protein, lipid, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids
What is a reactant and what is a product?
Reactants are the things that go in and the products come out.
What is cell differentiation?
When cells use different parts of DNA to do their job and change to the necessary shape and size.
What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?
alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermenation
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
To produce glucose aka food
What are the most common elements in the body?
Carbon and hydrogen and oxygen
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The products for one are reactants for the other and vice versa.
What is the difference between a plant and animal cell's cytokinesis?
Plant cells - cell plate
animal cell - cleavage furrow
Where does each phase of cellular respiration take place?
glycolysis - cytoplasm
krebs cycle - mitochondria
electron transport chain - mitochondria
What are the names for the other reaction that is not the light dependent?
light independent
calvin cycle
dark reaction
What reaction produces starch?
photosynthesis
Uncontrolled division of cells.
What is the hierarchy of cells?
cells>tissues>organs>organ systems>organisms
How much energy is lost as heat?
60%
Where does each phase of photosynthesis take place?
light dependent - thylakoids
light independent - stroma
What are the monomers and polymers for lipids?
monomers - fatty acid and glycerol
polymers - triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids
What is a monomer and what is a polymer
monomer - single subunit of a macromolecule
polymer - repeating monomers combined into one molecule
G1 - the cell doubles in size
S - DNA replication
G2 - the final checkpoint before division
What is necessary for the electron transport chain?
oxygen
How does the ATP and NADPH work in photosynthesis?
They pick up their energy in the light dependent reaction and carry it to the light independent where they are turned into ADP and NADP+
Which macromolecule has a ring structure and what is our primary example of these?
Carbohydrates, glucose
How do the amount of products and reactants change as a reaction happens?
Reactants decrease and products increase