Terms and Definitions
What is the term for a military government in Japan led by the most powerful military lord?
Shogunate
I am the policy that forced daimyo to leave their families in Edo, ensuring their loyalty to the Tokugawa Shogunate. What am I?
Sankin kotai (or hostage system)
The Ottoman Empire developed systems like the millet system because their population was...?
Religiously and ethnically diverse
What is the term for the type of island group that describes Japan's physical form?
Archipelago
Which specific Mughal ruler is credited with having harsh policies that led to rebellion and the decline of the empire?
Aurangzeb
What political strategy involves strengthening control after gaining it, often by organizing bureaucracy or building loyalty?
Consolidating Power
I am the Ottoman system that allowed non-Muslims to govern themselves in exchange for loyalty to the empire. What am I?
Millet system
How did the Japanese policy known as the Collection of Swords help the Tokugawa Shogunate maintain power?
It limited rebellion by disarming possible enemies
The Ottoman Empire's use of the millet system was a strategy to manage what aspect of its population?
Religious and ethnic diversity
In Feudal Japan, what was the structure of power when the daimyo (local lords) were the most powerful figures?
Decentralized power structure
What Ottoman system took Christian boys and trained them to serve in the government or military?
Devshirme system
I am the first ruler of the Mughal Empire who used military skill and gunpowder to establish control in northern India. Who am I?
Babur
What was the effect of Akbar the Great promoting religious tolerance and a centralized government in the Mughal Empire?
It helped unify the empire
What two major cultural traditions blended together in the Mughal Empire through art, architecture, and language?
Persian and Indian (or Islamic)
After a long civil war, the Tokugawa Shogunate was able to do what major political action to Japan?
Unified Japan
What Mughal ruler's harsh policies are credited with leading to rebellion and the decline of Mughal power?
Aurangzeb
I am a geographic feature of Japan that influenced its development, helped it control its borders, and allowed it to manage internal threats. What am I?
An archipelago (or its geography / many mountains / long coastline)
In feudal Japan, what was the effect of the shogun holding the real power?
The emperor had little control
What geographic feature of Japan allowed it to control its borders and manage internal threats?
Its geography (specifically being an island nation/archipelago with many mountains)
While gaining power often involved military conquest, what was required to maintain that power for the long term?
Strong systems of government/law, and cooperation/loyalty with local populations
What is the difference between Consolidating Power and Maintaining Power, as defined in the notes?
Consolidating Power is strengthening control after gaining it (like organizing bureaucracy or creating laws). Maintaining Power involves long-term strategies (like fair tax systems or military loyalty) that prevent rebellion.
I am the Ottoman leader during the peak of the empire's power, known for his expansion and protection of the empire. Who am I?
Suleiman (or Suleiman the Magnificent)
The notes mention the Tokaido Road System and the sankin kotai (hostage system). What was the combined effect of these two systems on the Tokugawa Shogunate's rule?
The road system allowed the Shogunate to communicate quickly and the hostage system forced loyalty from the daimyo, allowing the Tokugawa to consolidate and maintain power for over 250 years.
Name two specific ways the Tokugawa Shogunate used laws and control systems to prevent the daimyo and samurai from gaining too much independent power.
1. Laws for Military Households (controlled their actions). 2. Sankin kotai (hostage system) (ensured loyalty by holding their families). 3. Collection of Swords (disarmed possible enemies). (Any two are correct.)
Although the notes credit Aurangzeb’s policies for the decline of the Mughal Empire, what is the general rule the notes give for how empires fail to maintain power long-term?
They lack strong systems of government/law, and fail to achieve cooperation/loyalty with local populations (or lack the ability to adapt to different cultures, religions, and economic needs).