Organelles 1
This organelle is known as the “control center” of the cell because it contains the cell’s DNA
What is the nucleus
These are the four main types of biomolecules found in all living things
What are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
This simple sugar is the main product of photosynthesis and a key source of energy for cells
What is glucose
Cellular respiration is the process by which the mitochondria break down _______ to release _________.
what are glucose and energy
This is the process by which plants use sunlight to make their own food (glucose)
what is photosynthesis
This organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration and is often called the “powerhouse” of the cell
What is the mitochondrion
This group of biomolecules includes fats, oils, and waxes, and is important for long-term energy storage.
What are lipids
These are the monomers of proteins and nucleic acids.
What are amino acids (proteins) and nucleotides (nucleic acids)
These are the main reactants and products of cellular respiration.
What are glucose and oxygen (reactants), and carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (products)
These are the main reactants and products of photosynthesis
What are carbon dioxide and water (reactants), and glucose and oxygen (products)
This organelle helps fold and transport proteins and is covered in ribosomes
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
This biomolecule is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio and is the main source of quick energy
What is a carbohydrate
This type of bond forms between amino acids during protein synthesis
What is a peptide bond
These are the three main stages of cellular respiration, in order
What are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
This is the organelle where photosynthesis takes place and the pigment that captures light energy
What is the chloroplast and chlorophyll
These organelles are large in plant cells for storing water and nutrients, but small or absent in animal cells
What are vacuoles
This type of biomolecule includes enzymes, and this is the role enzymes play in chemical reactions.
What are proteins, and they speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions
These are the three parts that make up a nucleotide.
What are a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose or ribose), and a nitrogenous base
the role oxygen plays in the process of the electron transport chain.
What is oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain
These are the two main stages of photosynthesis and where in the chloroplast each occurs
What are the light-dependent reactions (in the thylakoid membrane) and the light-independent reactions or Calvin cycle (in the stroma)
This organelle is responsible for modifying, packaging, and shipping proteins and lipids throughout or out of the cell. It works closely with the ER.
What is the Golgi apparatus (or Golgi body)
This biomolecule stores genetic information
What are nucleic acids
These two opposite reactions are used to build and break down polymers; one removes water to form bonds, and the other adds water to break them.
What are dehydration synthesis (removes water to form bonds) and hydrolysis (adds water to break bonds)
This is the key difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and an example of a product formed during anaerobic respiration in humans.
What is that aerobic respiration uses oxygen while anaerobic does not, and lactic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration in humans
These two energy carriers are produced during the light-dependent reactions and used in the Calvin cycle
What are ATP and NADPH