Types of Governments
What form of government exists when a group of elite leaders (with a shared trait) are in political power?
Oligarchy
If an image is chosen to either make something look appealing or not, what kind of bias is that?
Bias Through Photos
How can national governments promote human rights?
Signing international human rights treaties, legal reform, economic policies, or social reforms.
Define NGO.
Nongovernmental organization, they are a group of people that work independently of just one government and they focus on helping people typically with one focus (food, shelter, education, legal support etc)
What are three rights protected by the UDHR?
UDHR Lists 30
What form of government has citizens that elect representatives, and can vote in free and fair elections?
Representative Democracy
If the author of an article chooses specific language to persuade the audience, what kind of bias is that?
Bias Through Word Choice
What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and why is it significant?
A document that FIRST defined the meaning of the “fundamental freedoms” and “human rights” and it declares that these rights should be universally protected.
What are human rights and what does it mean when they are violated?
Human rights are the basic rights/ freedoms that all people are supposed to have regardless of their background, beliefs, or circumstances (ex: right to education, right to religion, right to life, right to freedom from slavery). A violation occurs when these rights are not being protected or defended.
Pros and Cons of the United Nations
Pros:
Almost all nations are in the U.N. so lots of power
Cons:
Can’t really enforce treaties
Can’t do much to condemn nations
In Jordan, King Abdullah the second serves as the chief of state, and the heir to the throne is the Crown Prince Hussein bin Abdullah. This monarchy is hereditary, just like in Saudi Arabia. There is a Prime Minister who is the head of government, but the cabinet members are appointed by the monarch. What kind of government is this?
Absolute Monarchy
Explain the difference between disinformation and misinformation.
Disinformation - purposeful spreading of false information with the purpose to harm/target people
Misinformation - the spreading of false news without the intent to harm, just mistakes/drama
Describe what the U.N. is and why it was formed. How can they promote human rights?
The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization that is designed to maintain peace and security through international collaboration. It was formed to prevent another conflict like WWII.
Two ways:
#1. Human Rights Council writes human rights treaties
#2. Investigate violations in countries & publishes findings
Describe the difference between a limited/unlimited government AND the difference between being objective vs subjective.
Limited Government- Government where the people have power. Everyone including the leader must obey the laws. Constitutions limit the power of the government. Leaders are elected daily by the citizens.
Unlimited Government - Ruled by one person/group with total power. The authority of the leader has no limits. Everyone else follows strict laws.
Objective - based on fact
Subjective - Based on feeling/emotion
What are the pros/cons of international law or treaties.
Pros:
Easy to see who is violating the treaty
Can take that nation to court
Cons:
Treaties do little to actually improve conditions
Many nations sign, then violate anyways
In Japan, their chief of state is emperor Naruhito who holds the position of monarch, and is hereditary. The the head of government is Prime Minister Fumio Kishida. Like in the UK, the Prime minister appoints his cabinet and the prime minister is elected by the National Diet which is the national legislature of Japan. What government is this?
A Constitutional Monarchy
Ms. SteinerLund gave a wild and obnoxious speech about grades to her 4th period.
vs
Ms. SteinerLund gave a calm and civil speech about grades to her 4th period.
What bias is present in both? Be specific.
What can different NGOs do to promote human rights?
Things like educate the public, provide legal aid, lobby governments, provide aid, help draft treaties etc.
Describe what bias is. How does it relate to media literacy and triangulation?
Bias is a preconceived favoring of one thing over another, usually presented in an unfair manner. It relates to media literacy because that is the ability to critically analyze media and to determine their accuracy or credibility. Triangulation can help us spot bias and have media literacy because it is checking multiple websites to get a complete view on the information you are interacting with.
North Korea, with Kim Jong Un, is an example of what form of government? What harm can come from these types of governments?
Totalitarian/autocratic Dictatorship.
Total government control
Control over media
Control over constitution
Little care for human rights
In order to avoid this bias, it is important to check multiple sources and compare what information each source is offering/putting into their article.
Bias Through Omission
List and describe an international human rights courts. What do they do?
1. European Court of Human Rights - tries individuals or governments who have violated human rights laws.
2. International Court of Justice - judicial body of the U.N. & it settles disputes among countries
3. International Criminal Court - tries individuals accused of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.
They hear cases against people/nations accused of violating human rights international laws/standards and they impose consequences.
What are civil/political, economic, and social/cultural rights? Give me an example of each.
Civil and Political Rights- rights that protect people from their governments and lets them participate in their government. Examples: Freedom of speech, right to a lawyer, freedom from arbitrary arrest
Economic Rights- rights that allow people to access resources necessary for living. Examples: Right to work, fair wages.
Social and Cultural Rights - rights that protects people wellbeing in society. Examples: Right to education, right to participate in culture, right to expression