Neolithic Revolution
Define the neolithic revolution.
shift from hunting and gathering to settlement and agriculture
Why were ancient civilizations almost always located near rivers?
Need water for agriculture, transportation, farming, fertile land nearby, food sources, sanitation
What are the 6 world religions we studied last week?
Christianity, Judaism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam
What writing system was used in Mesopotamia?
Cuneiform
What religion and law code do Hebrews associate themselves with?
Judaism; Ten Commandments
Name 2 technological advancements that occurred because of the neolithic revolution
METAL tools, pottery, archeological structures, textiles, wheel, paper, gunpowder, compass
Describe the religious beliefs of Ancient Egypt
polytheistic, believed in afterlife, could take material possessions to guarantee a good afterlife, Pharaohs die and become Gods
Identify the Holy books for: Christianity, Judaism, Islam
the Bible, the Torah, the Quran
Which river valley civilization invented things and concepts such as the wheel, sails, and time measured in units of 60?
Mesopotamia
What was the FIRST civilization called?
Mesopotamia
What did the neolithic revolution do to social structures?
Shift from egalitarian (equal) to more hierarchy/social classes
What are the four major inventions from Ancient China?
Paper, Gunpowder, Compass, Printing
Who was the founder of Judaism?
Abraham
What is metallurgy and how does it improve the inventions of early civilizations?
The use of metal in technology and tools; made stronger, more durable, more advanced tools and weapons
"An eye for an eye" comes from where?
Hammurabi's code
Name 2 effects of the neolithic revolution
1. Sedentary lifestyle (end of nomadic living)
2. Development of more complex systems (religion, government, language)
3. Creation of civilizations
What was a key feature of the Indus River Valley civilization?
Urban planning; road systems, architecture, drainage systems
What 3 religions originated in/near Israel?
Christianity, Islam, Judaism
What was the first metal used for weapons and tools following the stone age?
Bronze
Why did Siddartha Buddha disagree with Hinduism?
He disagreed with the caste system.
Explain how the neolithic revolution lead to population growth
Neolithic Revolution = agriculture = more food = more people = more food = more people, etc.
Identify ALL of the rivers associated with all 4 river valley civilizations: China, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus
China: Yellow and Yangtze
Egypt: Nile
Mesopotamia: Tigris and Euphrates
Indus: Indus
Identify 3 major beliefs/aspects within Hinduism.
polytheism, reincarnation, karma, Cows are sacred, the Ganges River is sacred, caste systems
Describe Irrigation and what it was used for.
Process to distribute water beyond its source, used for agriculture in early civilizations
Describe the Epic of Gilgamesh (what was it, where did it come from)
Mesopotamian flood story, polytheistic, Tells the tale of a man named Utnapishtim who escaped a massive flood sent by the Gods in a boat, eventually being granted immortality.