The philosophy of humanism emphasized the importance of ________________.
individuals (4)
100
In 1517, Martin Luther wrote ______________ which argued the Catholic Church should not sell indulgences.
The 95 Theses (24)
100
During the Scientific Revolution, scientists developed the _________ method to carry out experiments.
Scientific (23)
100
According to Enlightenment philosophers, the government's power comes from the _________________.
people / governed (25)
100
Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke all supported a __________________, where the people rule the government.
Democracy (9)
200
Why was Italy a good location for the start of the Renaissance?
peninsula - trade, wealth (14)
200
Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII were all leaders of this movement.
Protestant Reformation (6)
200
The Catholic Church forced Galileo to recant his theory of heliocentrism. Define: recant.
take back (1)
200
Define the term "philosopher"
Thinker; lover of wisdom (8)
200
Define: indulgences
tickets to heaven (promise of salvation in exchange for money) (11)
300
Created in the 1400's in Germany, this invention increased literacy and quickly spread ideas throughout Europe, greatly impacting the Protestant Reformation.
Printing Press (22)
300
Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant are all types of this religion.
Christianity (21)
300
The ideas of the Scientific Revolution inspired Enlightenment philosophers because both eras focused on the use of _______________.
reason (20)
300
Enlightenment philosophers wrote about how to reform _________________________.
government / politics (19)
300
This man invented the printing press.
Johannes Gutenberg (5)
400
This man wrote a book called The Prince which encouraged rulers to have total power.
Machiavelli (18)
400
These are the 3 major effects of the Protestant Reformation.
decreased power of Catholic Church, increased power of monarchs, ended religious unity in Europe (2)
400
Define: heliocentrism
belief the Sun is in the center of the solar system (13)
400
During the Enlightenment, John Locke wrote _______________________, and Thomas Hobbes wrote ______________________.
Two Treatises of Government; The Leviathan (3)
400
John Locke believed the most important role of the government was to protect people's ___________ _______.
natural rights (15)
500
Philosophers during the Renaissance influenced the Protestant Reformation, Scientific Revolution, & Enlightenment because they
(1) supported democratic forms of government
(2) encouraged a questioning attitude
(3) stressed the importance of life after death
(4) denied the existence of God
encouraged a questioning attitude (12)
500
After the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church started a Counter-Reformation to do this.
Reinstate the Church's power (16)
500
Name 3 people associated with the Scientific Revolution.