In the Beginning...
The span of years generally accepted to be the Middle Ages period.
500 A.D. - 1500 A.D.
These men and women dedicated their lives to prayer and good works.
Monks and nuns
Armored men who specialized in combat.
Knights
The system that arose after centralized government in Western Europe collapsed.
Feudalism
Lasting tensions between Muslims and Christians, economic depression, and weakened power of kings were all consequences of these series of wars.
The Crusades
How did language change in the Middle Ages?
Latin evolved and other languages emerged (French and Spanish)
Generally, this was the only group of people who were literate.
Church officials/priests. (KNOWLEDGE IS POWER!!!!)
What was life like for peasants in the Middle Ages?
high taxes, couldn't marry freely, poor living conditions.
The feudal system in order from lowest to highest.
Peasants, Knights, Nobles, King
Name the ways the Black Death was transmitted.
Rats, fleas, through the air.
Name some reasons the Roman Empire fell.
Overexpansion, severe financial crisis, division into eastern and western empires, corruption/political instability, Christianity/Catholicism, string of losses to Germanic tribes.
The name of the converted king who allied with the Catholic Church to unify the Franks.
Clovis
The 3 things a knight was sworn to protect.
his lord, the Lord, and his lady
The title for someone who owned land during the Middle Ages.
The service given to Germanic chiefs by their warriors in exchange for food and a place to live.
Fighting with him to the death
The way Germanic cultures transmitted history.
Oral traditions, like songs and legends.
The title given to Charlemagne by Pope Leo III, because of his service in protecting him.
Holy Roman Emperor
Peasant women were vital because they...
Worked and made important economic contributions to their families.
Juries, common law, Parliament, and the Magna Carta are all examples of which country's government advancements.
The ruling family that consisted of Charlemagne, his predecessors, and his descendants.
The Carolingian Dynasty
How did Rome's fall affect Europe and kickstart the Middle Ages?
Breakdown of trade, economic collapse, rise of feudalism, increased reliance on the Catholic Church.
The system of justice devised by the Catholic Church for trials of transgressors.
Canon law
Instead of the brutality of war, medieval literature mostly focused on...
Romance, glory, chivalry
Manors were largely self-sufficient because....
They contained everything people could need right there on the land. (manor house, a church, workshops, a village, fields, pastures, woodlands)
Name some things the village church was used for.
worship, festive celebrations, trials under canon law