Fear of Tyranny
The U.S. 3rd Amendment stopped this British practice, which was explicitly banned in the 1689 English Bill of Rights
What is quartering troops
The number of legislative houses created under the Great Compromise (a bicameral system)
What is two (2) houses
Because the Articles lacked taxing power, Congress printed unbacked paper money, causing this economic crisis
What is inflation?
Author of the Declaration of Independence who anchored human rights in John Locke's Natural Rights
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
Early religious leaders taught total obedience, but New World revivalists preached that individuals are this
What is population size?
The Founders intentionally created a weak government under the Articles to prevent a national leader from becoming this
What is a tyrant / king?
The exact number of votes each state received in Congress under both the Articles and the New Jersey Plan
What is one (1) vote?
Because Congress had no standing army to stop Shays's Rebellion, this private group paid for a militia
Who are wealthy citizens?
He proposed the New Jersey Plan to protect small states with equal representation.
Who is William Paterson?
Small states rejected population-based voting and demanded this type of representation instead
What is equal representation?
The Constitutional system that gives each branch specific tools to restrain the powers of the other two.
What are Checks and Balances?
The fractional ratio used to count enslaved populations for representation and direct taxation
What is three-fifths (3/5)?
Teaching that individuals are equal before God, this movement led colonists to question political authority.
What is the Great Awakening?
Known as the "Father of the Constitution" and primary author of the Virginia Plan
Who is James Madison?
Southern states wanted enslaved people counted for representation, but explicitly NOT for this
What is direct taxation?
This 1689 document stripped absolute power from the English monarch and gave it to Parliament
What is the English Bill of Rights?
The total number of delegates who met in Philadelphia in May 1787 to scrap the Articles
What is 55 delegates?
Unpaid veterans shut down courthouses during Shays's Rebellion to stop banks from doing this to their land
What is foreclosing / seizing farms?
Unpaid Revolutionary War veteran who led an armed rebellion against Massachusetts courthouses
Who is Daniel Shays?
Northern states argued enslaved people shouldn't count for representation unless granted this right
What is the right to vote?
The constitutional principle dividing authority between the central national government and state governments
What is Federalism?
The year Parliament deposed King James II without bloodshed during the Glorious Revolution
What is 1688?
This draft section of the Declaration was deleted to avoid offending Southern slave owners and northern merchants.
What is the Omitted Clause
Connecticut delegate who proposed the Great Compromise to bridge the gap between big and small states
Who is Roger Sherman?
Early religious leaders taught total obedience, but New World revivalists preached that individuals are this
What is equal before God?