The Long Civil Rights Movement
This organization is still around today and fights against Civil Rights violations
NAACP
This term started as a Minstrel show character and developed into the name we use for segregation laws
Jim Crow
Once gold was discovered in this Sioux controlled area, the US government forced them off
The Black Hills
This gave 160 acres of land to any citizen who agreed to farm it for 5+ years
The Homestead Act
Colleges and universities started before 1964 to give Black students a chance to get a college education when most schools did not accept them.
HBCU
This person founded the Tuskegee Institute and urged self improvement instead of fighting against Jim Crow laws.
Booker T. Washington
This supreme court case ensured that segregation was legal
Plessy v Ferguson
This battle was also known as Custer's Last Stand
The Battle of Little Bighorn
The ideal that everyone can achieve success regardless of background- it typically involves owning land/property
The American Dream
A college or university that was given land by the government to help people get an education, especially in farming and science.
Land Grant Institution
This person was an academic who believed in the power of protest and urged Black people to fight against Jim Crow laws without compromise
WEB Du Bois
This was a tactic used to limit voters, especially the uneducated and poor
Literacy tests
This law divided tribes communal lands into individual, 160 acres tracts, and sold the excess to settlers. It led to devastating affects like the destruction of Western Tribes lifestyle and the loss of ⅔ of tribal land.
The Dawes Act
Black Americans who fled the South after the Civil War for Kansas to escape Jim Crow.
Exodusters
A system where the U.S. government forced Native American tribes to live on specific areas of land, often far from their original homes.
Reservation System
This person was a reporter who exposed lynching of Black men in the South
Ida B. Wells
This agreement ensured Union troops would leave the South and made it difficult to enforce the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
The Compromise of 1877
This phrase shows how the US wanted to assimilate Native Americans by removing language and culture and absorb them into white society
"Kill the Indian, save the man"
argued that the frontier defined American identity as exceptional. He argued that the frontier promoted individualism, freedom, and democracy because there was so much free land.
The Frontier Thesis
A group of African American leaders in the early 1900s who wanted equal rights and an end to racial discrimination. It helped lead to the founding of the NAACP.
Niagara Movement
This person was an advocate for civil rights and helped found the NAACP with WEB Du Bois
Mary Church Terrell
This group of people wanted to repeal the progress achieved during Reconstruction and restore White rule
Bourbon Democrats
A series of directions from Ulysses S. Grant to assimilate Native Americans by converting them to Christianity and appointing Protestant officials to oversee relations with Native Americans.
Grant's Peace Policy
These laws gave states federal land, with the expectations that they used the profits to build colleges. Southern University and LSU were founded because of these laws.
Morill Land Grants Acts
A religious movement among Native American tribes in the late 1800s. They believed doing the dance would bring back their ancestors and the buffalo, and make white settlers leave.
The Ghost Dance