Acids and Bases
What cation do acids begin with?
Hydrogen (H1+)
What is always produced when acids and bases react with each other?
Water (H2O)
Determine the total number of oxygen atoms:
2 PbSO4
8 Oxygen Atoms
What is the maximum number on the pH scale?
14
What anion do bases end with?
Hydroxide (OH1-)
Predict the products correctly. No need to balance.
KBr + Ag2SO4 ⟶
K2SO4 and AgBr
Balance the double displacement reaction below.
__AgNO3(aq) + __NaCl(aq) ➞ NaNO3(aq) + __AgCl(s)
1, 1, 1, 1
What is the formula for calculating molarity?
M = Moles of solute / L of Solution
Which of the following substances would have a pH lower than 7?
a)HCL
b)NaOH
c)Mg(OH)2
d)H2O
A, HCL because it is an acid.
Predict the products correctly. No need to balance.
Fe(OH)3 + Ba(NO3)2 ⟶
Ba(OH)2 and Fe(NO3)3
Balance the double displacement reaction below.
__NaOH(aq) + __Mg(NO3)2(aq) ➞ ___Mg(OH)2(aq) + __NaNO3(aq)
2, 1, 1, 2
What is the pH of a substance if the pOH is 10? Is the substance an acid or a base?
pH = 4; Substance is an acid.
Which of the following substances would have a pH higher than 7?
a)HCL
b)H3PO4
c)Al(OH)3
d)H2O
C, Al(OH)3
Predict the products correctly. No need to balance.
LiOH + H2SO4 ⟶
H2O and Li2SO4
Balance the double displacement reaction below.
__Ca(NO3)2(aq) + __Na3PO4(aq) ➞ ____NaNO3(aq) + __Ca3(PO4)2(aq)
3, 2, 6, 1
What is the pH of a substance if the pOH is 2? Is the substance an acid or a base?
pH = 12; Substance is a base.
Describe the pH of acids and the pH of bases.
Acids have a pH <7. Bases have a pH >7
Compound + Compound ⟶ New Compound + New Compound
When determining the correct formula for the “new” compounds, what must you do?
Make the charges cancel or add to zero/neutral
Predict and balance the double displacement reaction below.
__SrSO4+ __Ba(NO3)2 ➞
1 SrSO4 + 1 Ba(NO3)2 ➞ 1 BaSO4 + 1 Sr(NO3)2
Determine the molarity of a solution containing 10.8 moles of calcium chloride in 3.6 L.
3.0 M
What kind of chemical can be used to determine if an unknown substance is an acid or a base? Ex. Phenolphthalein
Indicator or Litmus Paper
Precipitates are formed during double displacement reactions.
What color do barium precipitates make?
White Precipitates
Predict and balance the double displacement reaction below.
__AlCl3+ __Pb(OH)2 ➞
2 AlCl3+ 3 Pb(OH)2➞ 2 Al(OH)3 + 3 PbCl2
Determine the molarity of a solution containing 1.3 moles of calcium chloride in 6.5 L.
0.2 M