Absolutism
A system in which a ruler holds total power
What is ABSOLUTISM
Philosophers of the Enlightenment believed that society could best be improved by applying ______ and ______.
What is REASON and NATURAL LAWS
Ptolemy theorized this kind of system that means "earth-centered"
What is GEOCENTRIC
This Italian Enlightenment thinker was against cruel and unusual punishments
Who was CESARE BECCARIA
When you mix these two colors, you get purple
What is RED and BLUE
These 3 things are the Natural Rights that John Locke believed all humans are born with
What are LIFE, LIBERTY, and PROPERTY
This man championed a religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
Who was VOLTAIRE?
This scientist invented calculus, which validated many of the scientific theories proposed at that time and it remains regularly used today
Who was ISAAC NEWTON
Which idea of Montesquieu’s was most influential?
What is SEPARATION OF POWERS/CHECKS AND BALANCES
In Spongebob Squarepants, this person sometimes likes to wear a little sock over his ghostly tail.
Who is THE FLYING DUTCHMAN
This French monarch drained France’s treasury by building his palace at Versailles, and waging many wars
Who is LOUIS XIV (14)
This man's scientific method created a systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence through observation and experimentation
Who was FRANCIS BACON
This theory/model of the "universe" (thought up by Copernicus) made Galileo’s discovery very significant
the HELIOCENTRIC THEORY/MODEL
This female physicist translated Isaac Newton’s work from Latin to French
Who was EMILIE DU CHATALET
In hockey as well as soccer, this is known as scoring three unanswered points in a row.
What is a HAT TRICK
This English monarch claimed absolute power, began English Civil War, and got his head cut off as a result.
Who is CHARLES I
Enlightenment philosophy was a threat to European monarchies because it suggested the idea of ________ and _________.
What is LIBERTY and INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS
The first European to make regular observations of the heavens using a telescope
Who was GALILEO?
This man decided to set aside everything he had learned and begin again because he doubted the truth of everything he learned.
Who was RENE DESCARTES
In Disney's The Little Mermaid, the characters Flotsam and Jetsam are this kind of animal.
What are EELS?
This man wrote that, to save themselves from destroying each other in the state of nature, people made a social contract and agreed to form a state. He published his work The Leviathan to try and deal with disorder.
Who was THOMAS HOBBES
The Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution are both based on the idea that government power comes from the citizens it governs. This reflects the influence of these TWO men.
Who are JOHN LOCKE and JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU
Galileo discovered the existence of 4 moons orbiting Jupiter. How many moons do we know Jupiter has now?
What is 79 MOONS
Author of The Encyclopedie, collection of essays/articles of leading scholars
Who was DENIS DIDEROT
"Two bits" is the response to this early 20th century American song lyric.
What is SHAVE AND A HAIRCUT