Module 65-66
When psychological symptoms interfere with daily life, they are considered
maladaptive or dsyfunctional
Abnormal brain activity in multiple brain areas is common in which psychological disorder?
Schizophrenia
A person who exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, is aggressive, manipulative, and struggles to establish lasting, close relationships with others likely suffers from which psychological disorder?
In an effort to help a child overcome a fear of cats, a therapist pairs a trigger stimulus (something associated with cats) with a new stimulus (for example, an appealing snack or toy) that causes an emotional response that is incompatible with fear. Which clinical orientation is this therapist using?
Behavioral (will accept behavior therapy)
What type of drugs depress central nervous system activity?
Checking repeatedly to see if the doors are locked would be characterized as?
A Compulsion
This term means to compulsively fret and to overthink one's problems and their causes.
ruminate/rumination
Humanistic and psychoanalytic therapies are both known as what type of therapies?
Insight therapies
Mary Cover Jones helped a little boy named Peter overcome his fear of rabbits by gradually moving a rabbit closer to him each day while he was eating his snack. This was one of the first applications of what type of therapy?
Exposure Therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most effectively treats which psychological disorder?
depression
Which area of the brain exhibits higher than normal activity in many people with PTSD?
Amygdala
What is the name for a form of schizophrenia that can begin at any age and frequently occurs in response to a traumatic event.
acute schizophrenia
Echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what a person expresses (verbally or nonverbally) in a therapy session is called
Active listening
A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client who work together constructively to overcome the client's problem is referred to as what?
therapeutic alliance
What type of biomedical intervention/treatment for changing behavior is the most drastic and least-used?
Psychosurgery (surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior)
The concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital
The Medical Model
What is the number one reason why people seek mental health services in the world today?
Depression
In which kind of therapy would the therapist be most likely to note the following during a session: "Blocks in the flow of free association indicate resistance"?
Psychoanaylsis
Allowing people to discover, in a social context, that others have problems similar to their own is a unique benefit of
group therapy
Most antipsychotic drugs mimic a certain neurotransmitter by blocking its activity at the receptor sites. These drugs affect the neurotransmitter
dopamine
People with obsessive-compulsive disorder may report feeling less anxious after they clean, which causes them to want to clean again the next time they feel anxious. This demonstrates the principle of
reinforcement
Amanda has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Her main symptom is hearing voices that are not there, which is known as
a hallucination (auditory hallucination)
Adela regularly interprets everyday aches and pains, such as stomach cramps and headaches, as serious medical problems. Her doctor is unable to convince her that her problems are not serious. Adela likely suffers from what disorder?
illness anxiety disorder
Lea, a client with depression, has been visiting a therapist for several months. During each session, she is challenged on her irrational thinking. The therapist is likely using Albert Ellis' version of
Rational-emotive behavioral therapy (REBT)
Juliette's depression is not responding to the normal biomedical treatments. Her therapist has suggested that she try several sessions of__________ to energize her left frontal lobe and reduce her symptoms.
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)