Terms and Definitions
What were freedmen
Free men who were previously ensalved
Who were the Exodusters?
A small group of African American freedmen who leave the South, move to Kansas, and make a black community.
What did the 13th Amendment do?
Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude unless as punishment for a crime
Who was Hiram Revels?
The first black congressman
What was the name of Lincoln's plan?
The 10% plan
What is Juneteenth?
A celebration of the day the last slaves were freed (in Texas)
Who was Andrew Johnson?
He was a democrat from Tennessee who sympathized with poor whites and pushed the south to accept the 13th amendment
What did the 14th Amendment do?
Gave former slaves more civil rights and defined citizenship for people in the U.S. Also mandated equal protection/due process under the law
Who were the KKK and what did they do?
What was Andrew Johnson's plan for reconstruction?
He wanted to quickly reunite the southern states, and he also focused on restoring the rights of white southerners. His plan was based on Lincoln's 10% plan.
What was sharecropping?
When a landowner rents out land in exchange for a share of the crops
Who was Thaddeus Stevens?
Radical republican leader in the house of representatives. in charge of congressional reconstruction
What did the 15th Amendment do?
Prevented the government from denying people’s votes based on their race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What were some of the challenges that poor white southerners faced?
They had to compete with freedmen for jobs, and they lost social status because they became equal with freedmen.
What was the Freedman's Bureau?
Designed to help black people after they were freed. Created thousands of schools across the South to educate black people.
What were tenant farmers?
They paid cash rather than a portion of the crops.
Who was Hiram Revels?
The first black congressman
What was the Wade-Davis bill?
Stated that congress should direct reconstuction
They lost all of their slaves, which was their source of wealth
What was the congressional plan?
The Reconstruction Act of 1867
What was the Lost Cause Myth?
The historical view is that the actions and ideas of Confederates were justified, and they only lost because they were overpowered.
Who was Ulysses S. Grant and what did he do?
He was a general and fought for the union army during the Civil war. He later served as president.He focused on protecting the civil rights of black people and combating racist groups-like the KKK.
What did the tenure of office act do?
Stated that presidents could not fire officials without senate approval
What were the two names of Republican groups in the South?
Scalawags (white southern republicans) and Carpetbaggers (Northerners who moved South)
What were two things Johnson vetoed during Johnson V. Congress?
The Civil Rights Act
The Freedman's Bureau