Water and Electrolyte Balance
66 percent of bodily water is called...
Intracellular Fluid
Increases water absorption in the kidneys to prevent dehydration
Antidiuretic Hormone
State the 4 macro nutrients
Protiens, Lipids, Carbs, water
Carb foods with higher levels of fiber and less sugar that are digested more slowly have what kind of Index?
Low Glycemic Index
Breakdown of Lipids into Fatty Acids and Cholesterol
Lipolysis
An ion that carries an electrical charge in body fluids
Regulates sodium and potassium levels, influencing water retention
Aldosterone
what is the chemical makeup of protein?
Carbohydrate, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen
Occurs when an individual's caloric intake is not enough to meet the energy demands.
Low Energy Availability
The body processes of building complex molecules from simpler ones require energy.
Anabolism
The body losing more water than it consumes is called
dehydration
The three steps of the kidney in osmoregulation
Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion
State one difference between Saturated Fatty Acids VS. Non-saturated
Double hydrogen bond missing from unsaturated fats, solid or liquid at room temperature, one is healthier than the other etc.
Which of the nutritional consequences causes Hormonal Imbalances?
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport
Which energy systems don't use oxygen?
ATP-PC, and Anaerobic Glycolysis.
Excess water intake, diluted sodium levels, and too much water in cells is called...
Hyponatremia
What hormone does the pituitary gland release in osmoregulation
releases ADH in response to signals from the hypothalamus.
What are the 3 types of micronutrients
Vitamins, Minerals, Fibers
Foods with more sugar than fiber, digested rapidly, energy for short periods of time, have what kind of Index?
High Glycemic Index
Define phosphorylation
is the process of adding phosphate groups to ADP to store energy in the bond.
state the three ways to monitor hydration in the body
Body weight, urine color, and osmolarity.
Describe the function of the Hypothalamus in osmoregulation?
Stimulates the sensation of thirst, sends signals for water retention or excretion.
Glucose, Starch, and Glycogen are all examples of what Macronutrient?
Carbohydrate
What does carb loading do for endurance athletes?
Stores carbs to be able to increase energy use for aerobic activity.
Define the Energy Continuum
That all 3 energy systems contribute to ATP production at all times. Their dominance of each system depends on the exercise intensity and duration.