Intro to Psychological Disorders
American Psychiatric Association’s system for describing psychological disorders & estimating how often they occur.
DSM-5
A person with this disorder is continually tense, apprehensive, & in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
A disorder in which a person experiences at least two symptoms from a list of nine, one of which must be either 1) depressed mood or 2) loss of interest or pleasure.
Major Depressive Disorder
A false sensory experience, such as seeing something that is not there.
Hallucination
A disorder in which a person alternates between binge eating and purging.
Bulimia Nervosa
Approximately what percentage of Americans suffer from a mental disorder in a given year?
26.2%
This disorder is marked by episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror, chest pain, choking, & shortness of breath.
Panic Disorder
Depression serves an adaptive function by slowing people down and preventing them from engaging in life-threatening behaviors. What perspective is this?
Evolutionary
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur.
Delusions
Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
Dissociative Disorders
The concept that psychological disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured.
Medical Model
Fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or a place where escape might be difficult.
Agoraphobia
A disorder in which a person alternates between depression and the overexcited state of mania.
Bipolar Disorder
Name two positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganized Thinking & Speech
Catatonia (Abnormal Body Positions)
A disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease.
Illness Anxiety Disorder
What is the relationship between poverty and psychological disorders?
People living in poverty are twice as likely to be diagnosed with a psychological disorder.
A disorder marked by an irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation.
Phobia
What is the relationship between gender and depression?
Women are twice as likely as men to suffer from depression.
Name one negative symptom of schizophrenia.
Flat Affect (Expressionless Face)
Reduced Emotional Expression
Social Withdrawal
A disorder in which the symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause.
Somatic Symptom Disorder
What are the 3 Ds of psychological disorder classification?
Deviance
Distress
Dysfunction
A disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, & insomnia occurring after a traumatic experience.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Of all the mood disorders, which one has the highest level of heritability?
bipolar disorder
Name two factors that contribute to the development of schizophrenia, according to research.
1. Genetics
2. Prenatal Viral Infections
3. Dopamine Overactivity
4. Shrinkage of Cerebral Tissue
A disorder in which a person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing. They may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.
Antisocial Personality Disorder