Scientific Method
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Ask a question / Make an observation
The factor that a scientist changes on purpose is called the ________ variable.
Independent variable
Newton’s First Law is also known as the Law of ________.
Inertia
Which layer of Earth is the outermost and thinnest?
Crust
What formula is used to calculate force?
F = m × a
What is an educated guess called in science?
Hypothesis
The factor that is measured or observed is called the ________ variable.
Dependent variable
According to the Law of Inertia, what will happen to an object at rest if no unbalanced force acts on it?
It will stay at rest
Which layer of Earth lies directly below the crust?
Mantle
If a 2 kg object accelerates at 4 m/s², what is the net force acting on it?
8 N
Give an example of a hypothesis in the correct format.
If/Then strong prediction
Factors that must stay the same throughout an experiment are called ________.
Controlled variables (or constants)
When a soccer ball keeps rolling until friction or another force stops it, which law is this an example of?
Newton’s First Law
What two types of seismic waves travel through Earth’s interior and how do they move?
P-waves+S-waves; Push/pull, side to side
If an object’s mass doubles but the same force is applied, what happens to its acceleration?
It is cut in half
What step comes after testing and analyzing data?
Making Conclusion
A student tests how temperature affects how fast ice melts. Name one constant that should remain the same.
Amount of ice or type of container
When jumping off a boat, the boat moves backward and you move forward. This is an example of which law?
Newton’s Third Law
Which layer of the Earth can S-waves not travel through and why?
Outer core (liquid)
Two forces act on an object in opposite directions: 15 N right and 10 N left. What is the net force and direction?
5 N to the right
List and briefly explain the six steps of the scientific method.
1. Observation/Question, 2. Research, 3. Hypothesis, 4. Experiment, 5. Analyze Data, 6. Conclusion
Which variable do we attempt to ISOLATE in an experiment?
Independent variable
A tissue box sitting on a table is pushing on the table as the table pushes back up with equal and opposite force (Newton's 3rd Law). What is the force of the table called?
Normal force
Which fruit did I say best represented the Earth's interior? Tell me why.
Kiwi (brown=crust; green=mantle; seeds=outer core; white=inner core)
A 10 kg cart is pushed with a force of 50 N. What is its acceleration?
5 m/s²