Misc.
Bonding & Types of Solids
Lewis Dot Structures and molecular structures
IMFs
Phase Changes
100
This law is the reason why cations and anions attract each other
What is Coulomb's Law?
100
Usually solid, consisting of atoms or molecules bonded by intermolecular forces.
Weak bonds, Low melting points, poor thermal/electrical conductivity
Molecular solid
100
This is the lewis dot structure of CH4
100
What are intermolecular forces?
Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions).
100
This is the change from liquid to gas when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure.
evaporation
200
What is the name of the particle that electromagnetic waves can also exist as?
A photon
200
When do hydrogen bonds occur?
These occur between polar covalent molecules that possess a hydrogen atom bonded to an extreme electronegative element (N, O, F)
200
Why is a water molecule bent?
Because the lone pairs repel the bonding electrons creating a bend
200
What happens to the LDFs when the molecule is bigger?
The larger the molecule, the greater the London dispersion forces. This is because larger molecules have a bigger electron cloud, thus creating a stronger temporary dipole when the electrons become asymmetrically distributed.
200
During this phase change, the most energetic molecules will escape their liquid form and turn to gas. It occurs at any temperature.
Boiling
300
What is the electron configuration of the element in this PES?
1s22s22p63s23p1
300
When do dipole-dipole forces occur?
Between polar molecules.
They occur when the slightly positive end of one polar molecule is attracted to the slightly negative end of another polar molecule.
300
This is the geometry on the molecule NH3
Trigonal Pyramidal
300
What are three types of intermolecular forces from strongest to least strongest?
Hydrogen Bonding > Dipole-dipole > LDFs
300
This is when a substance changes directly to a solid from a gas.
Deposition
400
What is the element represented by this mass spectrum?
Chlorine (Cl)
400
Consist entirely of metal atoms, have high melting points, show good electrical and thermal conductivity.
metallic solid
400
What is the lewis dot structure of Acetone (C3H6O)
400
Based on the following information: CF4, Molecular Weight 87.99, Normal Boiling Point -182°C CCl4, Molecular Weight 153.8, Normal Boiling Point -123°C The intermolecular forces of attraction in the above substances is described by which of the following:
Dispersion forces
400
This is when a solid turns directly into a vapor.
Sublimation
500
What causes sigma bonding? What causes pi bonding?
Sigma bonding is caused by end to end orbital overlap of the Px subshell
Pi bonding is caused by non-direct orbital syncing of the Py and Pz orbital
500
What effect does H-bonding have on the properties of the substance?
Hydrogen bonding leads to substantial increases in physical properties such as the expected boiling/melting points.
500
How many resonance structures are there in the molecule formamide?
2
(show on board)
500
The boiling point of CH4 is much lower than that of HF. This is because:
Of hydrogen bonding in HF
500
Certain gases, such as hydrogen, can only be solidified under (high/low) temperature and (high/low) pressure.
low / high