WWI
What year did WWI begin?
1914
The Central and Allied powers.
What was the only country that joined the Central powers later?
Bulgaria
Who was Vladimir Lenin? What did he do?
Lenin was a radical socialist who created the Bolsheviks to overthrow the Russian monarchy.
Who was Russia's Czar (king) during WWI?
Czar Nicholas II
What is the "home front?"
Civilians back at home during the war help support through working factories, rationing, propaganda, draft, etc.
What countries were in the Allied powers? (4)
Great Britain, Russia, France, Serbia.
What year did the US join WWI? What was the reason?
1917. A German U-boat sank the British passenger ship Lusitania and the US wanted freedom of the seas.
Who were the Bolsheviks? What was their goal?
The Bolsheviks were a revolutionary group with Lenin as their leader. Their goal was to start a Russian revolution to overthrow the government.
What was the treaty called that let Russia exit WWI safely? What did Russia lose in exchange for this?
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Russia gave land to Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
Whose assassination was the "spark" of WWI?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary (heir to Austrian throne)
What countries were in the Central powers? (3)
Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire
What was Germany's naval strategy?
Submarine warfare/U-boats
USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
What was Stalin's Great Purge?
He eliminated 8-13 million people who he thought were rivals to the Communist Party.
What is a "two-front war?"
When the war occurs in 2 different places (Ex. Germany is fighting a two front war because they are fighting Great Britain and France on one side and Russia on the other)
Why were other European countries drawn into WWI after Archduke Franz Ferdinand's assassination?
Some European countries had alliances with Serbia or Austria-Hungary so they had to join the fight.
Who was Rasputin? Why did people gossip about him?
Healer/mystic who people said was too close to Czarina Alexandra, faked being a healer, was a bad Eastern Orthodox Christian, etc.
Czar Nicholas steps down and the monarchy ends. A temporary government is put in place.
What effect did Stalin's 5 Year Plan have Soviet industry?
It improved industry and modernized the military.
Germany was going to invade France by going through Belgium, then turn around to fight Russia. Russia mobilized fast and France was hard to beat.
Why did the US stay out of WWI until 1917?
US citizens wanted to stay neutral and stay out of global conflicts.
What were the two sides of the Russian Civil War? What did they each want?
The Red Army (Lenin and Bolsheviks, pro-communist) and White Army (basically everyone else, anti-communist). Red wins.
What happens during the Bolshevik/October Revolution?
Lenin's Bolshevik's overthrow the temporary government and put themselves in power.
What was an effect of WWI on Russia? What did they struggle with?
Casualties, economy, manufacturing struggles.